Regulating the Polypyrrole Ion-Selective Membrane and Au Solid Contact Layer to Improve the Performance of Nitrate All-Solid Ion-Selective Electrodes
With polymerization duration and Au<sup>3+</sup> concentration of the electrolyte regulated, a desirable nitrate-doped polypyrrole ion-selective membrane (PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISM) and Au solid contact layer of anticipate surface morphology were obtaine...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/4/855 |
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| author | Weizhuo Gao Weixuan Jing Yanrui Du Zehao Li Pengcheng Liu Feng Han Libo Zhao Zhaochu Yang Zhuangde Jiang |
| author_facet | Weizhuo Gao Weixuan Jing Yanrui Du Zehao Li Pengcheng Liu Feng Han Libo Zhao Zhaochu Yang Zhuangde Jiang |
| author_sort | Weizhuo Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With polymerization duration and Au<sup>3+</sup> concentration of the electrolyte regulated, a desirable nitrate-doped polypyrrole ion-selective membrane (PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISM) and Au solid contact layer of anticipate surface morphology were obtained, and the performance of nitrate all-solid ion-selective electrodes (NS ISEs) was improved. It was found that the roughest PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISM remarkably increases the actual contact surface area of the PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISMs with nitrate solution, which leads to better adsorption of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> ions upon the PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISMs, and produces a larger number of electrons. The most hydrophobic Au solid contact layer avoids the formation of the aqueous layer at the interface between the PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISM and Au solid contact layer, and ensures unimpeded transporting of the produced electrons. The PPy-Au-NS ISE for polymerization duration 1800 s and at Au<sup>3+</sup> concentration 2.5 mM of the electrolyte displays an optimal nitrate potential response, including a Nernstian slope of 54.0 mV/dec, LOD of 1.1 × 10<sup>−4</sup> M, rapid average response time less than 1.9 s, and long-term stability of more than 5 weeks. This indicates that the PPy-Au-NS ISE is an effective working electrode for the electrochemical determination of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> concentration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:43:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bc8eeff40f3d47939220c52cc08b5d1c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:43:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-bc8eeff40f3d47939220c52cc08b5d1c2023-11-17T20:30:21ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2023-04-0114485510.3390/mi14040855Regulating the Polypyrrole Ion-Selective Membrane and Au Solid Contact Layer to Improve the Performance of Nitrate All-Solid Ion-Selective ElectrodesWeizhuo Gao0Weixuan Jing1Yanrui Du2Zehao Li3Pengcheng Liu4Feng Han5Libo Zhao6Zhaochu Yang7Zhuangde Jiang8State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaChongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaWith polymerization duration and Au<sup>3+</sup> concentration of the electrolyte regulated, a desirable nitrate-doped polypyrrole ion-selective membrane (PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISM) and Au solid contact layer of anticipate surface morphology were obtained, and the performance of nitrate all-solid ion-selective electrodes (NS ISEs) was improved. It was found that the roughest PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISM remarkably increases the actual contact surface area of the PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISMs with nitrate solution, which leads to better adsorption of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> ions upon the PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISMs, and produces a larger number of electrons. The most hydrophobic Au solid contact layer avoids the formation of the aqueous layer at the interface between the PPy(NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)-ISM and Au solid contact layer, and ensures unimpeded transporting of the produced electrons. The PPy-Au-NS ISE for polymerization duration 1800 s and at Au<sup>3+</sup> concentration 2.5 mM of the electrolyte displays an optimal nitrate potential response, including a Nernstian slope of 54.0 mV/dec, LOD of 1.1 × 10<sup>−4</sup> M, rapid average response time less than 1.9 s, and long-term stability of more than 5 weeks. This indicates that the PPy-Au-NS ISE is an effective working electrode for the electrochemical determination of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> concentration.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/4/855all-solid ion-selective electrodepolypyrrole ion-selective membraneAu solid contact layersurface morphologywettability |
| spellingShingle | Weizhuo Gao Weixuan Jing Yanrui Du Zehao Li Pengcheng Liu Feng Han Libo Zhao Zhaochu Yang Zhuangde Jiang Regulating the Polypyrrole Ion-Selective Membrane and Au Solid Contact Layer to Improve the Performance of Nitrate All-Solid Ion-Selective Electrodes Micromachines all-solid ion-selective electrode polypyrrole ion-selective membrane Au solid contact layer surface morphology wettability |
| title | Regulating the Polypyrrole Ion-Selective Membrane and Au Solid Contact Layer to Improve the Performance of Nitrate All-Solid Ion-Selective Electrodes |
| title_full | Regulating the Polypyrrole Ion-Selective Membrane and Au Solid Contact Layer to Improve the Performance of Nitrate All-Solid Ion-Selective Electrodes |
| title_fullStr | Regulating the Polypyrrole Ion-Selective Membrane and Au Solid Contact Layer to Improve the Performance of Nitrate All-Solid Ion-Selective Electrodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulating the Polypyrrole Ion-Selective Membrane and Au Solid Contact Layer to Improve the Performance of Nitrate All-Solid Ion-Selective Electrodes |
| title_short | Regulating the Polypyrrole Ion-Selective Membrane and Au Solid Contact Layer to Improve the Performance of Nitrate All-Solid Ion-Selective Electrodes |
| title_sort | regulating the polypyrrole ion selective membrane and au solid contact layer to improve the performance of nitrate all solid ion selective electrodes |
| topic | all-solid ion-selective electrode polypyrrole ion-selective membrane Au solid contact layer surface morphology wettability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/4/855 |
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