Evaluation of plant-produced <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type D <i>epsilon</i> toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep
Enterotoxaemia (pulpy kidney) is a common bacterial disease of sheep caused by Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin. It has mortality rates of up to 30% in non-vaccinated animals. Current vaccines from whole cell cultures are expensive to manufacture and can induce local inflammatory respons...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AOSIS
2017-04-01
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| Series: | Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/1271 |
| _version_ | 1818252452557750272 |
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| author | Tinyiko Mokoena Ereck Chakauya Michael Crampton Boet Weyers Malefa Tselanyane Tsepo Tsekoa Rachel Chikwamba |
| author_facet | Tinyiko Mokoena Ereck Chakauya Michael Crampton Boet Weyers Malefa Tselanyane Tsepo Tsekoa Rachel Chikwamba |
| author_sort | Tinyiko Mokoena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enterotoxaemia (pulpy kidney) is a common bacterial disease of sheep caused by Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin. It has mortality rates of up to 30% in non-vaccinated animals. Current vaccines from whole cell cultures are expensive to manufacture and can induce local inflammatory responses in sheep. They usually have reduced immunogenicity because of the difficulty of standardising the inactivation step in vaccine manufacturing. In the current study, we evaluated the safety and potency of a recombinant plant-made epsilon toxoid protein (r-Etox) as an affordable and safer alternative vaccine for developing countries. Results of injection site reactions, rectal temperature and toxin neutralisation test in single and prime– boost inoculations of mice, guinea pigs and sheep suggest that the product is not toxic to animals and could protect sheep against enterotoxaemia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:24:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bc972cd8512246d6b9409c56b39f201e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0030-2465 2219-0635 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:24:24Z |
| publishDate | 2017-04-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-bc972cd8512246d6b9409c56b39f201e2022-12-22T00:18:55ZengAOSISOnderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research0030-24652219-06352017-04-01841e1e710.4102/ojvr.v84i1.1271558Evaluation of plant-produced <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type D <i>epsilon</i> toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheepTinyiko Mokoena0Ereck Chakauya1Michael Crampton2Boet Weyers3Malefa Tselanyane4Tsepo Tsekoa5Rachel Chikwamba6Biosciences Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; Department of Plant Science, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of PretoriaBiosciences Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial ResearchBiosciences Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial ResearchOnderstepoort Biological Products, OnderstepoortBiosciences Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial ResearchBiosciences Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial ResearchBiosciences Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial ResearchEnterotoxaemia (pulpy kidney) is a common bacterial disease of sheep caused by Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin. It has mortality rates of up to 30% in non-vaccinated animals. Current vaccines from whole cell cultures are expensive to manufacture and can induce local inflammatory responses in sheep. They usually have reduced immunogenicity because of the difficulty of standardising the inactivation step in vaccine manufacturing. In the current study, we evaluated the safety and potency of a recombinant plant-made epsilon toxoid protein (r-Etox) as an affordable and safer alternative vaccine for developing countries. Results of injection site reactions, rectal temperature and toxin neutralisation test in single and prime– boost inoculations of mice, guinea pigs and sheep suggest that the product is not toxic to animals and could protect sheep against enterotoxaemia.https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/1271EnterotoxaemiaClostridium perfringens Epsilon toxinPlant-made vaccinetransient expressionantigenicityviral vectors |
| spellingShingle | Tinyiko Mokoena Ereck Chakauya Michael Crampton Boet Weyers Malefa Tselanyane Tsepo Tsekoa Rachel Chikwamba Evaluation of plant-produced <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type D <i>epsilon</i> toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research Enterotoxaemia Clostridium perfringens Epsilon toxin Plant-made vaccine transient expression antigenicity viral vectors |
| title | Evaluation of plant-produced <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type D <i>epsilon</i> toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep |
| title_full | Evaluation of plant-produced <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type D <i>epsilon</i> toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of plant-produced <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type D <i>epsilon</i> toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of plant-produced <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type D <i>epsilon</i> toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep |
| title_short | Evaluation of plant-produced <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> type D <i>epsilon</i> toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep |
| title_sort | evaluation of plant produced i clostridium perfringens i type d i epsilon i toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep |
| topic | Enterotoxaemia Clostridium perfringens Epsilon toxin Plant-made vaccine transient expression antigenicity viral vectors |
| url | https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/1271 |
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