Implementation of sequential cropping into JULESvn5.2 land-surface model
<p>Land-surface models (LSMs) typically simulate a single crop per year in a field or location. However, actual cropping systems are characterized by a succession of distinct crop cycles that are sometimes interspersed with long periods of bare soil. Sequential cropping (also known as multiple...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Geoscientific Model Development |
| Online Access: | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/437/2021/gmd-14-437-2021.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818930849170587648 |
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| author | C. Mathison C. Mathison A. J. Challinor C. Deva P. Falloon S. Garrigues S. Garrigues S. Moulin K. Williams K. Williams A. Wiltshire A. Wiltshire |
| author_facet | C. Mathison C. Mathison A. J. Challinor C. Deva P. Falloon S. Garrigues S. Garrigues S. Moulin K. Williams K. Williams A. Wiltshire A. Wiltshire |
| author_sort | C. Mathison |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Land-surface models (LSMs) typically simulate a single crop per year in a field or location. However, actual cropping systems are characterized by a succession of distinct crop cycles that are sometimes interspersed with long periods of bare soil. Sequential cropping (also known as multiple or double cropping) is particularly common in tropical regions, where the crop seasons are largely dictated by the main wet season. In this paper, we implement sequential cropping in a branch of the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) and demonstrate its use at sites in France and India. We simulate all the crops grown within a year in a field or location in a seamless way to understand how sequential cropping influences the surface fluxes of a land-surface model. We evaluate JULES with sequential cropping in Avignon, France, providing over 15 <span class="inline-formula">years</span> of continuous flux observations (a point simulation). We apply JULES with sequential cropping to simulate the rice–wheat rotation in a regional 25 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> resolution gridded simulation for the northern Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar and four single-grid-box simulations across these states, where each simulation is a 25 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> grid box. The inclusion of a secondary crop in JULES using the sequential cropping method presented does not change the crop growth or development of the primary crop. During the secondary crop growing period, the carbon and energy fluxes for Avignon and India are modified; they are largely unchanged for the primary crop growing period. For India, the inclusion of a secondary crop using this sequential cropping method affects the available soil moisture in the top 1.0 <span class="inline-formula">m</span> throughout the year, with larger fluctuations in sequential crops compared with single-crop simulations even outside the secondary crop growing period. JULES simulates sequential cropping in Avignon, the four India locations and the regional run, representing both crops within one growing season in each of the crop rotations presented. This development is a step forward in the ability of JULES to simulate crops in tropical regions where this cropping system is already prevalent. It also provides the opportunity to assess the potential for other regions to implement sequential cropping as an adaptation to climate change.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:07:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bca7e1a4510c4977ad9526d35600e246 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1991-959X 1991-9603 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:07:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geoscientific Model Development |
| spelling | doaj.art-bca7e1a4510c4977ad9526d35600e2462022-12-21T19:54:01ZengCopernicus PublicationsGeoscientific Model Development1991-959X1991-96032021-01-011443747110.5194/gmd-14-437-2021Implementation of sequential cropping into JULESvn5.2 land-surface modelC. Mathison0C. Mathison1A. J. Challinor2C. Deva3P. Falloon4S. Garrigues5S. Garrigues6S. Moulin7K. Williams8K. Williams9A. Wiltshire10A. Wiltshire11Met Office Hadley Centre, FitzRoy Road, Exeter, UKSchool of Earth and Environment, Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKSchool of Earth and Environment, Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKSchool of Earth and Environment, Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKMet Office Hadley Centre, FitzRoy Road, Exeter, UKEuropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, UKEnvironnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des AgroHydrosystèmes (EMMAH), INRAE, Avignon Université, 228 route de l'Aérodrome Domaine Saint Paul–Site Agroparc, Avignon, FranceEnvironnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des AgroHydrosystèmes (EMMAH), INRAE, Avignon Université, 228 route de l'Aérodrome Domaine Saint Paul–Site Agroparc, Avignon, FranceMet Office Hadley Centre, FitzRoy Road, Exeter, UKGlobal Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Laver Building, North Park Road, Exeter, UKMet Office Hadley Centre, FitzRoy Road, Exeter, UKGlobal Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Laver Building, North Park Road, Exeter, UK<p>Land-surface models (LSMs) typically simulate a single crop per year in a field or location. However, actual cropping systems are characterized by a succession of distinct crop cycles that are sometimes interspersed with long periods of bare soil. Sequential cropping (also known as multiple or double cropping) is particularly common in tropical regions, where the crop seasons are largely dictated by the main wet season. In this paper, we implement sequential cropping in a branch of the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) and demonstrate its use at sites in France and India. We simulate all the crops grown within a year in a field or location in a seamless way to understand how sequential cropping influences the surface fluxes of a land-surface model. We evaluate JULES with sequential cropping in Avignon, France, providing over 15 <span class="inline-formula">years</span> of continuous flux observations (a point simulation). We apply JULES with sequential cropping to simulate the rice–wheat rotation in a regional 25 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> resolution gridded simulation for the northern Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar and four single-grid-box simulations across these states, where each simulation is a 25 <span class="inline-formula">km</span> grid box. The inclusion of a secondary crop in JULES using the sequential cropping method presented does not change the crop growth or development of the primary crop. During the secondary crop growing period, the carbon and energy fluxes for Avignon and India are modified; they are largely unchanged for the primary crop growing period. For India, the inclusion of a secondary crop using this sequential cropping method affects the available soil moisture in the top 1.0 <span class="inline-formula">m</span> throughout the year, with larger fluctuations in sequential crops compared with single-crop simulations even outside the secondary crop growing period. JULES simulates sequential cropping in Avignon, the four India locations and the regional run, representing both crops within one growing season in each of the crop rotations presented. This development is a step forward in the ability of JULES to simulate crops in tropical regions where this cropping system is already prevalent. It also provides the opportunity to assess the potential for other regions to implement sequential cropping as an adaptation to climate change.</p>https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/437/2021/gmd-14-437-2021.pdf |
| spellingShingle | C. Mathison C. Mathison A. J. Challinor C. Deva P. Falloon S. Garrigues S. Garrigues S. Moulin K. Williams K. Williams A. Wiltshire A. Wiltshire Implementation of sequential cropping into JULESvn5.2 land-surface model Geoscientific Model Development |
| title | Implementation of sequential cropping into JULESvn5.2 land-surface model |
| title_full | Implementation of sequential cropping into JULESvn5.2 land-surface model |
| title_fullStr | Implementation of sequential cropping into JULESvn5.2 land-surface model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Implementation of sequential cropping into JULESvn5.2 land-surface model |
| title_short | Implementation of sequential cropping into JULESvn5.2 land-surface model |
| title_sort | implementation of sequential cropping into julesvn5 2 land surface model |
| url | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/437/2021/gmd-14-437-2021.pdf |
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