Autophagy and Lc3-Associated Phagocytosis in Zebrafish Models of Bacterial Infections
Modeling human infectious diseases using the early life stages of zebrafish provides unprecedented opportunities for visualizing and studying the interaction between pathogens and phagocytic cells of the innate immune system. Intracellular pathogens use phagocytes or other host cells, like gut epith...
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/11/2372 |
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| author | Salomé Muñoz-Sánchez Michiel van der Vaart Annemarie H. Meijer |
| author_facet | Salomé Muñoz-Sánchez Michiel van der Vaart Annemarie H. Meijer |
| author_sort | Salomé Muñoz-Sánchez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Modeling human infectious diseases using the early life stages of zebrafish provides unprecedented opportunities for visualizing and studying the interaction between pathogens and phagocytic cells of the innate immune system. Intracellular pathogens use phagocytes or other host cells, like gut epithelial cells, as a replication niche. The intracellular growth of these pathogens can be counteracted by host defense mechanisms that rely on the autophagy machinery. In recent years, zebrafish embryo infection models have provided in vivo evidence for the significance of the autophagic defenses and these models are now being used to explore autophagy as a therapeutic target. In line with studies in mammalian models, research in zebrafish has shown that selective autophagy mediated by ubiquitin receptors, such as p62, is important for host resistance against several bacterial pathogens, including <i>Shigella flexneri</i>, <i>Mycobacterium marinum</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Furthermore, an autophagy related process, Lc3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), proved host beneficial in the case of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium infection but host detrimental in the case of <i>S. aureus</i> infection, where LAP delivers the pathogen to a replication niche. These studies provide valuable information for developing novel therapeutic strategies aimed at directing the autophagy machinery towards bacterial degradation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:15:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bcb9f69f2fbb40de808d5657389b48ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:15:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-bcb9f69f2fbb40de808d5657389b48ba2023-11-20T18:59:04ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-10-01911237210.3390/cells9112372Autophagy and Lc3-Associated Phagocytosis in Zebrafish Models of Bacterial InfectionsSalomé Muñoz-Sánchez0Michiel van der Vaart1Annemarie H. Meijer2Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The NetherlandsInstitute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The NetherlandsInstitute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The NetherlandsModeling human infectious diseases using the early life stages of zebrafish provides unprecedented opportunities for visualizing and studying the interaction between pathogens and phagocytic cells of the innate immune system. Intracellular pathogens use phagocytes or other host cells, like gut epithelial cells, as a replication niche. The intracellular growth of these pathogens can be counteracted by host defense mechanisms that rely on the autophagy machinery. In recent years, zebrafish embryo infection models have provided in vivo evidence for the significance of the autophagic defenses and these models are now being used to explore autophagy as a therapeutic target. In line with studies in mammalian models, research in zebrafish has shown that selective autophagy mediated by ubiquitin receptors, such as p62, is important for host resistance against several bacterial pathogens, including <i>Shigella flexneri</i>, <i>Mycobacterium marinum</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Furthermore, an autophagy related process, Lc3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), proved host beneficial in the case of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium infection but host detrimental in the case of <i>S. aureus</i> infection, where LAP delivers the pathogen to a replication niche. These studies provide valuable information for developing novel therapeutic strategies aimed at directing the autophagy machinery towards bacterial degradation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/11/2372innate immunityautophagyLAPDram1p62Optn |
| spellingShingle | Salomé Muñoz-Sánchez Michiel van der Vaart Annemarie H. Meijer Autophagy and Lc3-Associated Phagocytosis in Zebrafish Models of Bacterial Infections Cells innate immunity autophagy LAP Dram1 p62 Optn |
| title | Autophagy and Lc3-Associated Phagocytosis in Zebrafish Models of Bacterial Infections |
| title_full | Autophagy and Lc3-Associated Phagocytosis in Zebrafish Models of Bacterial Infections |
| title_fullStr | Autophagy and Lc3-Associated Phagocytosis in Zebrafish Models of Bacterial Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autophagy and Lc3-Associated Phagocytosis in Zebrafish Models of Bacterial Infections |
| title_short | Autophagy and Lc3-Associated Phagocytosis in Zebrafish Models of Bacterial Infections |
| title_sort | autophagy and lc3 associated phagocytosis in zebrafish models of bacterial infections |
| topic | innate immunity autophagy LAP Dram1 p62 Optn |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/11/2372 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT salomemunozsanchez autophagyandlc3associatedphagocytosisinzebrafishmodelsofbacterialinfections AT michielvandervaart autophagyandlc3associatedphagocytosisinzebrafishmodelsofbacterialinfections AT annemariehmeijer autophagyandlc3associatedphagocytosisinzebrafishmodelsofbacterialinfections |