Unravelling the temporal and spatial variation of fungal phylotypes from embryo to adult stages in Atlantic salmon
Abstract Early microbial colonization has a profound impact on host physiology during different stages of ontogeny. Although several studies have focused on early bacterial colonization and succession, the composition and role of fungal communities are poorly known in fish. Here, we sequenced the in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50883-x |
| _version_ | 1797355810979840000 |
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| author | Jep Lokesh Prabhugouda Siriyappagouder Jorge M. O. Fernandes |
| author_facet | Jep Lokesh Prabhugouda Siriyappagouder Jorge M. O. Fernandes |
| author_sort | Jep Lokesh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Early microbial colonization has a profound impact on host physiology during different stages of ontogeny. Although several studies have focused on early bacterial colonization and succession, the composition and role of fungal communities are poorly known in fish. Here, we sequenced the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of fungi to profile the mycobiome associated with the eggs, hatchlings and intestine of Atlantic salmon at various freshwater and marine stages. In most of the stages studied, fungal diversity was lower than bacterial diversity. There were several stage-specific fungal phylotypes belonging to different stages of ontogeny but some groups, such as Candida tropicalis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Alternaria metachromatica, Davidiella tassiana and Humicola nigrescens, persisted during successive stages of ontogeny. We observed significant changes in the intestinal fungal communities during the first feeding. Prior to first feeding, Humicola nigrescens dominated, but Saccharomyces cerevisiae (10 weeks post hatch) and Candida tropicalis (12 weeks post hatch) became dominant subsequently. Seawater transfer resulted in a decrease in alpha diversity and an increase in Candida tropicalis abundance. We also observed notable variations in beta diversity and composition between the different farms. Overall, the present study sheds light on the fungal communities of Atlantic salmon from early ontogeny to adulthood. These novel findings will also be useful in future studies investigating host-microbiota interactions in the context of developing better nutritional and health management strategies for Atlantic salmon farming. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:16:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bcbf08a7902a48bbaac28f588da3995e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:16:27Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-bcbf08a7902a48bbaac28f588da3995e2024-01-14T12:22:39ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-01-0114111510.1038/s41598-023-50883-xUnravelling the temporal and spatial variation of fungal phylotypes from embryo to adult stages in Atlantic salmonJep Lokesh0Prabhugouda Siriyappagouder1Jorge M. O. Fernandes2Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord UniversityFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord UniversityFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord UniversityAbstract Early microbial colonization has a profound impact on host physiology during different stages of ontogeny. Although several studies have focused on early bacterial colonization and succession, the composition and role of fungal communities are poorly known in fish. Here, we sequenced the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of fungi to profile the mycobiome associated with the eggs, hatchlings and intestine of Atlantic salmon at various freshwater and marine stages. In most of the stages studied, fungal diversity was lower than bacterial diversity. There were several stage-specific fungal phylotypes belonging to different stages of ontogeny but some groups, such as Candida tropicalis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Alternaria metachromatica, Davidiella tassiana and Humicola nigrescens, persisted during successive stages of ontogeny. We observed significant changes in the intestinal fungal communities during the first feeding. Prior to first feeding, Humicola nigrescens dominated, but Saccharomyces cerevisiae (10 weeks post hatch) and Candida tropicalis (12 weeks post hatch) became dominant subsequently. Seawater transfer resulted in a decrease in alpha diversity and an increase in Candida tropicalis abundance. We also observed notable variations in beta diversity and composition between the different farms. Overall, the present study sheds light on the fungal communities of Atlantic salmon from early ontogeny to adulthood. These novel findings will also be useful in future studies investigating host-microbiota interactions in the context of developing better nutritional and health management strategies for Atlantic salmon farming.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50883-x |
| spellingShingle | Jep Lokesh Prabhugouda Siriyappagouder Jorge M. O. Fernandes Unravelling the temporal and spatial variation of fungal phylotypes from embryo to adult stages in Atlantic salmon Scientific Reports |
| title | Unravelling the temporal and spatial variation of fungal phylotypes from embryo to adult stages in Atlantic salmon |
| title_full | Unravelling the temporal and spatial variation of fungal phylotypes from embryo to adult stages in Atlantic salmon |
| title_fullStr | Unravelling the temporal and spatial variation of fungal phylotypes from embryo to adult stages in Atlantic salmon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unravelling the temporal and spatial variation of fungal phylotypes from embryo to adult stages in Atlantic salmon |
| title_short | Unravelling the temporal and spatial variation of fungal phylotypes from embryo to adult stages in Atlantic salmon |
| title_sort | unravelling the temporal and spatial variation of fungal phylotypes from embryo to adult stages in atlantic salmon |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50883-x |
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