The Impairment of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease: Challenges and Opportunities with Stem Cells
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and its prevalence is increasing. Nowadays, very few drugs effectively reduce AD symptoms and thus, a better understanding of its pathophysiology is vital to design new effective schemes. Presymptomatic neuronal damage caused by...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/17/10136 |
| _version_ | 1797494956816859136 |
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| author | Adolfo López-Ornelas Adriana Jiménez Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez Citlali Ekaterina Rodríguez-Pérez Alejandro Corzo-Cruz Iván Velasco Enrique Estudillo |
| author_facet | Adolfo López-Ornelas Adriana Jiménez Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez Citlali Ekaterina Rodríguez-Pérez Alejandro Corzo-Cruz Iván Velasco Enrique Estudillo |
| author_sort | Adolfo López-Ornelas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and its prevalence is increasing. Nowadays, very few drugs effectively reduce AD symptoms and thus, a better understanding of its pathophysiology is vital to design new effective schemes. Presymptomatic neuronal damage caused by the accumulation of Amyloid β peptide and Tau protein abnormalities remains a challenge, despite recent efforts in drug development. Importantly, therapeutic targets, biomarkers, and diagnostic techniques have emerged to detect and treat AD. Of note, the compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB) and peripheral inflammation in AD are becoming more evident, being harmful factors that contribute to the development of the disease. Perspectives from different pre-clinical and clinical studies link peripheral inflammation with the onset and progression of AD. This review aims to analyze the main factors and the contribution of impaired BBB in AD development. Additionally, we describe the potential therapeutic strategies using stem cells for AD treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:41:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bcd55c0d209846078824564911973d91 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:41:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-bcd55c0d209846078824564911973d912023-11-23T13:23:36ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-09-0123171013610.3390/ijms231710136The Impairment of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease: Challenges and Opportunities with Stem CellsAdolfo López-Ornelas0Adriana Jiménez1Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez2Citlali Ekaterina Rodríguez-Pérez3Alejandro Corzo-Cruz4Iván Velasco5Enrique Estudillo6División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City 07760, MexicoDivisión de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City 07760, MexicoLaboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14370, MexicoLaboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular y Nanotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, MexicoLaboratorio Traslacional, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, Batalla de Celaya 202, Lomas de Sotelo, Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México 11200, MexicoInstituto de Fisiología Celular—Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, MexicoLaboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, MexicoAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and its prevalence is increasing. Nowadays, very few drugs effectively reduce AD symptoms and thus, a better understanding of its pathophysiology is vital to design new effective schemes. Presymptomatic neuronal damage caused by the accumulation of Amyloid β peptide and Tau protein abnormalities remains a challenge, despite recent efforts in drug development. Importantly, therapeutic targets, biomarkers, and diagnostic techniques have emerged to detect and treat AD. Of note, the compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB) and peripheral inflammation in AD are becoming more evident, being harmful factors that contribute to the development of the disease. Perspectives from different pre-clinical and clinical studies link peripheral inflammation with the onset and progression of AD. This review aims to analyze the main factors and the contribution of impaired BBB in AD development. Additionally, we describe the potential therapeutic strategies using stem cells for AD treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/17/10136Alzheimer’s diseaseblood-brain barrierMSCsNSCs |
| spellingShingle | Adolfo López-Ornelas Adriana Jiménez Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez Citlali Ekaterina Rodríguez-Pérez Alejandro Corzo-Cruz Iván Velasco Enrique Estudillo The Impairment of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease: Challenges and Opportunities with Stem Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences Alzheimer’s disease blood-brain barrier MSCs NSCs |
| title | The Impairment of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease: Challenges and Opportunities with Stem Cells |
| title_full | The Impairment of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease: Challenges and Opportunities with Stem Cells |
| title_fullStr | The Impairment of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease: Challenges and Opportunities with Stem Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impairment of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease: Challenges and Opportunities with Stem Cells |
| title_short | The Impairment of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer’s Disease: Challenges and Opportunities with Stem Cells |
| title_sort | impairment of blood brain barrier in alzheimer s disease challenges and opportunities with stem cells |
| topic | Alzheimer’s disease blood-brain barrier MSCs NSCs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/17/10136 |
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