Cation Disorder Caused by Olivine-Ringwoodite Phase Transition Mechanism, Possible Explanation for Blue Olivine Inclusion in a Diamond
Synchrotron X-ray diffraction, as well as visual observations, in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) using soft metal gaskets or slightly reducing gas environment, have revealed that the olivine-ringwoodite transition in olivines of several compositions take place in two steps: step 1: displacive restacking...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/2/202 |
| _version_ | 1797396542645075968 |
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| author | William A. Bassett Elise A. Skalwold |
| author_facet | William A. Bassett Elise A. Skalwold |
| author_sort | William A. Bassett |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Synchrotron X-ray diffraction, as well as visual observations, in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) using soft metal gaskets or slightly reducing gas environment, have revealed that the olivine-ringwoodite transition in olivines of several compositions take place in two steps: step 1: displacive restacking of the oxygen layers, followed by step 2: diffusive reordering of the cations. The initiation of the phase transition was observed at temperatures as low as 200 °C below the reported temperature for the phase transition under hydrostatic conditions. These observations, especially residual disordered cations, have important implications for deep-focus earthquakes, the ability of ringwoodite to host surprising amounts of water, and possibly the observation of a blue olivine inclusion in a natural diamond from Brazil and in a pallasitic meteorite from Russia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:52:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bcdd75127f6f4a09916a08b7eb696cba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:52:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-bcdd75127f6f4a09916a08b7eb696cba2023-12-11T17:07:58ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2021-02-0111220210.3390/min11020202Cation Disorder Caused by Olivine-Ringwoodite Phase Transition Mechanism, Possible Explanation for Blue Olivine Inclusion in a DiamondWilliam A. Bassett0Elise A. Skalwold1Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USACornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USASynchrotron X-ray diffraction, as well as visual observations, in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) using soft metal gaskets or slightly reducing gas environment, have revealed that the olivine-ringwoodite transition in olivines of several compositions take place in two steps: step 1: displacive restacking of the oxygen layers, followed by step 2: diffusive reordering of the cations. The initiation of the phase transition was observed at temperatures as low as 200 °C below the reported temperature for the phase transition under hydrostatic conditions. These observations, especially residual disordered cations, have important implications for deep-focus earthquakes, the ability of ringwoodite to host surprising amounts of water, and possibly the observation of a blue olivine inclusion in a natural diamond from Brazil and in a pallasitic meteorite from Russia.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/2/202mantleolivineringwooditewadsleyitehigh pressure-temperatureshear deformation |
| spellingShingle | William A. Bassett Elise A. Skalwold Cation Disorder Caused by Olivine-Ringwoodite Phase Transition Mechanism, Possible Explanation for Blue Olivine Inclusion in a Diamond Minerals mantle olivine ringwoodite wadsleyite high pressure-temperature shear deformation |
| title | Cation Disorder Caused by Olivine-Ringwoodite Phase Transition Mechanism, Possible Explanation for Blue Olivine Inclusion in a Diamond |
| title_full | Cation Disorder Caused by Olivine-Ringwoodite Phase Transition Mechanism, Possible Explanation for Blue Olivine Inclusion in a Diamond |
| title_fullStr | Cation Disorder Caused by Olivine-Ringwoodite Phase Transition Mechanism, Possible Explanation for Blue Olivine Inclusion in a Diamond |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cation Disorder Caused by Olivine-Ringwoodite Phase Transition Mechanism, Possible Explanation for Blue Olivine Inclusion in a Diamond |
| title_short | Cation Disorder Caused by Olivine-Ringwoodite Phase Transition Mechanism, Possible Explanation for Blue Olivine Inclusion in a Diamond |
| title_sort | cation disorder caused by olivine ringwoodite phase transition mechanism possible explanation for blue olivine inclusion in a diamond |
| topic | mantle olivine ringwoodite wadsleyite high pressure-temperature shear deformation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/2/202 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT williamabassett cationdisordercausedbyolivineringwooditephasetransitionmechanismpossibleexplanationforblueolivineinclusioninadiamond AT eliseaskalwold cationdisordercausedbyolivineringwooditephasetransitionmechanismpossibleexplanationforblueolivineinclusioninadiamond |