Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients in Jordanian Hospitals
<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mostly occurring in intensive care units (ICUs). Extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL)-positive <i>A. baumannii</i> strains have emerged as highly resistant to most curren...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/7/835 |
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| author | Suhaila A. Al-Sheboul Salam Z. Al-Moghrabi Yasemin Shboul Farah Atawneh Ahmed H. Sharie Laila F. Nimri |
| author_facet | Suhaila A. Al-Sheboul Salam Z. Al-Moghrabi Yasemin Shboul Farah Atawneh Ahmed H. Sharie Laila F. Nimri |
| author_sort | Suhaila A. Al-Sheboul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mostly occurring in intensive care units (ICUs). Extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL)-positive <i>A. baumannii</i> strains have emerged as highly resistant to most currently used antimicrobial agents, including carbapenems. The most common mechanism for carbapenem resistance in this species is β-lactamase-mediated resistance. Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D oxacillinases are widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>A. baumannii</i> strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of <i>bla<sub>OXA</sub></i> genes among multidrug-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of <i>A. baumannii</i> from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected. Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence of <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-23</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-24</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-58</sub> genes, and IS<i>Aba1</i> insertion sequence. Out of the 120 <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub> gene and IS<i>Aba1</i> in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-23</sub> genes, 1 (4.2%) carried <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-24</sub>, but all were negative for the <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-58</sub> gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-<i>A. baumannii</i> in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:21:08Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:21:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd0b2de59fc84af5b8dfa52e5a28c8a42023-11-30T22:40:39ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-06-0111783510.3390/antibiotics11070835Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients in Jordanian HospitalsSuhaila A. Al-Sheboul0Salam Z. Al-Moghrabi1Yasemin Shboul2Farah Atawneh3Ahmed H. Sharie4Laila F. Nimri5Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, JordanDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, JordanDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, JordanDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, JordanFaculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, JordanDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) worldwide, mostly occurring in intensive care units (ICUs). Extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL)-positive <i>A. baumannii</i> strains have emerged as highly resistant to most currently used antimicrobial agents, including carbapenems. The most common mechanism for carbapenem resistance in this species is β-lactamase-mediated resistance. Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D oxacillinases are widespread among multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>A. baumannii</i> strains. The present study was conducted to determine the presence and distribution of <i>bla<sub>OXA</sub></i> genes among multidrug-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> isolated from ICU patients and genes encoding insertion sequence (IS-1) in these isolates. Additionally, the plasmid DNA profiles of these isolates were determined. A total of 120 clinical isolates of <i>A. baumannii</i> from various ICU clinical specimens of four main Jordanian hospitals were collected. Bacterial isolate identification was confirmed by biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivity was then assessed. PCR amplification and automated sequencing were carried out to detect the presence of <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-23</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-24</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-58</sub> genes, and IS<i>Aba1</i> insertion sequence. Out of the 120 <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates, 95% of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of the antibiotics tested and were identified as MDR. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was against piperacillin (96.7%), cephalosporins (97.5%), and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations antibiotics (95.8%). There were 24 (20%) ESBL-producing isolates. A co-existence of <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub> gene and IS<i>Aba1</i> in all the 24 ESBL-producing isolates was determined. In addition, in the 24 ESBL-producing isolates, 21 (87.5%) carried <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-23</sub> genes, 1 (4.2%) carried <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-51</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-24</sub>, but all were negative for the <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-58</sub> gene. Plasmid DNA profile A and profile B were the most common (29%) in ESBL-positive MDR <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates while plasmid DNA profile A was the most common in the ESBL-negative isolates. In conclusion, there was an increase in prevalence of MDR-<i>A. baumannii</i> in ICU wards in Jordanian hospitals, especially those having an ESBL phenotype. Thus, identification of ESBL genes is necessary for the surveillance of their transmission in hospitals.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/7/835<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>ICUmultidrug resistance genesESBLplasmid DNA profileOxa carbapenems |
| spellingShingle | Suhaila A. Al-Sheboul Salam Z. Al-Moghrabi Yasemin Shboul Farah Atawneh Ahmed H. Sharie Laila F. Nimri Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients in Jordanian Hospitals Antibiotics <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> ICU multidrug resistance genes ESBL plasmid DNA profile Oxa carbapenems |
| title | Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients in Jordanian Hospitals |
| title_full | Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients in Jordanian Hospitals |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients in Jordanian Hospitals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients in Jordanian Hospitals |
| title_short | Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients in Jordanian Hospitals |
| title_sort | molecular characterization of carbapenem resistant i acinetobacter baumannii i isolated from intensive care unit patients in jordanian hospitals |
| topic | <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> ICU multidrug resistance genes ESBL plasmid DNA profile Oxa carbapenems |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/7/835 |
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