| Summary: | In our preliminary study, a hot water extract from the fruits of <i>Morus alba</i> (mulberry) inhibited the secretion of metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) against tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), and therefore we researched its active compounds. In the present study, a new phenolic glycoside (oddioside A, <b>1</b>) and 21 known compounds (<b>2</b>−<b>22</b>) were isolated from the hot water extract from the fruits of <i>M. alba</i> by repeated chromatography. The chemical structure of the new compound <b>1</b> was elucidated by its spectroscopic data (1<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">D</span>− and 2<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">D</span>−NMR and HRMS) measurement and by acidic hydrolysis. The presence of sargentodoside E (<b>2</b>), eugenyl glucoside (<b>6</b>), 2-<i>O</i>-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-glucopyranosyl-4,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde <b>(7</b>), 7<i>S</i>,8<i>R</i>-erythro-7,9,9’-trihydroxy-3,3’-dimethoxy-8-<i>O</i>-4’-neolignan-4-<i>O</i>-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-glucopyranoside (<b>11</b>), pinoresinol-4-<i>O</i>-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-glucopyranoside (<b>12</b>), taxifolin-7-<i>O</i>-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-glucopyranoside (<b>20</b>), and pinellic acid (<b>21</b>) were reported from <i>M. alba</i> for the first time in this study. The new compound oddioside A (<b>1</b>) suppressed the secretion of MMP-1 and increased collagen in TNF-α-stimulated HDFs. In addition, the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was inhibited by oddioside A. In conclusion, the extract from fruits of <i>M. alba</i> and its constituent oddioside A may be a potential agent to prevent inflammation-related skin aging and other skin disorders.
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