Whole Genome Sequencing Suggests that “Nonpathogenicity on Banana (NPB)” Is the Ancestral State of the Ralstonia solanacearum IIB-4 Lineage
The bacterial wilt pathogens in the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) have broad but finite host ranges. Population genetic surveys of RSSC pathogens show that many sequevars (subspecies groups) are predominantly recovered from wilting solanaceous plants. In contrast, strains in the IIB-...
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| Format: | Article |
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The American Phytopathological Society
2023-09-01
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| Series: | PhytoFrontiers |
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| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PHYTOFR-06-22-0068-SC |
| _version_ | 1797326888087060480 |
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| author | Jonathan Beutler Samuel Holden Stratton Georgoulis Darrielle Williams David J. Norman Tiffany M. Lowe-Power |
| author_facet | Jonathan Beutler Samuel Holden Stratton Georgoulis Darrielle Williams David J. Norman Tiffany M. Lowe-Power |
| author_sort | Jonathan Beutler |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The bacterial wilt pathogens in the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) have broad but finite host ranges. Population genetic surveys of RSSC pathogens show that many sequevars (subspecies groups) are predominantly recovered from wilting solanaceous plants. In contrast, strains in the IIB-4 sequevar have been isolated from plants in over a dozen families. Certain IIB-4 lineages have been classified as banana-virulent versus “not pathogenic to banana (NPB).” Prior analysis suggested that the NPB lineage has diverged from the banana-virulent IIB-4 strains. To test this model, we analyzed the phenotypes and phylogeny of a diverse collection of 19 IIB-4 isolates. We used Illumina sequencing to assemble draft genomes of 12 new strains. Based on whole genome phylogenetic analysis, these IIB-4 strains clustered into five subclades. We quantified the virulence of each strain on tomato, banana, melon, and impatiens plants. Overall, the virulence patterns correlated with phylogeny. Banana virulence was restricted to the IIB-4D subclade (N = 4/4 strains) and IIB-4E subclade (N = 1/2 strains). Subclades IIB-4D and IIB-4E are sister subclades, and their closest relative, the IIB-4A-C subclade, lacked virulence on banana. Our data support a revised model in which banana virulence is an innovation within the IIB4D/E subclades. [Graphic: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T06:30:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd197ad945d44ba9a2f4400c72667c96 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2690-5442 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T06:30:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PhytoFrontiers |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd197ad945d44ba9a2f4400c72667c962024-02-03T11:51:11ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyPhytoFrontiers2690-54422023-09-013226226710.1094/PHYTOFR-06-22-0068-SCWhole Genome Sequencing Suggests that “Nonpathogenicity on Banana (NPB)” Is the Ancestral State of the Ralstonia solanacearum IIB-4 LineageJonathan Beutler0Samuel Holden1Stratton Georgoulis2Darrielle Williams3David J. Norman4Tiffany M. Lowe-Power5Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.UF/IFAS Extension, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Apopka, FL 32703, U.S.A.Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.The bacterial wilt pathogens in the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) have broad but finite host ranges. Population genetic surveys of RSSC pathogens show that many sequevars (subspecies groups) are predominantly recovered from wilting solanaceous plants. In contrast, strains in the IIB-4 sequevar have been isolated from plants in over a dozen families. Certain IIB-4 lineages have been classified as banana-virulent versus “not pathogenic to banana (NPB).” Prior analysis suggested that the NPB lineage has diverged from the banana-virulent IIB-4 strains. To test this model, we analyzed the phenotypes and phylogeny of a diverse collection of 19 IIB-4 isolates. We used Illumina sequencing to assemble draft genomes of 12 new strains. Based on whole genome phylogenetic analysis, these IIB-4 strains clustered into five subclades. We quantified the virulence of each strain on tomato, banana, melon, and impatiens plants. Overall, the virulence patterns correlated with phylogeny. Banana virulence was restricted to the IIB-4D subclade (N = 4/4 strains) and IIB-4E subclade (N = 1/2 strains). Subclades IIB-4D and IIB-4E are sister subclades, and their closest relative, the IIB-4A-C subclade, lacked virulence on banana. Our data support a revised model in which banana virulence is an innovation within the IIB4D/E subclades. [Graphic: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PHYTOFR-06-22-0068-SCbacterial pathogensgenomicshost rangeRalstonia IIB-4Ralstonia solanacearum species complex |
| spellingShingle | Jonathan Beutler Samuel Holden Stratton Georgoulis Darrielle Williams David J. Norman Tiffany M. Lowe-Power Whole Genome Sequencing Suggests that “Nonpathogenicity on Banana (NPB)” Is the Ancestral State of the Ralstonia solanacearum IIB-4 Lineage PhytoFrontiers bacterial pathogens genomics host range Ralstonia IIB-4 Ralstonia solanacearum species complex |
| title | Whole Genome Sequencing Suggests that “Nonpathogenicity on Banana (NPB)” Is the Ancestral State of the Ralstonia solanacearum IIB-4 Lineage |
| title_full | Whole Genome Sequencing Suggests that “Nonpathogenicity on Banana (NPB)” Is the Ancestral State of the Ralstonia solanacearum IIB-4 Lineage |
| title_fullStr | Whole Genome Sequencing Suggests that “Nonpathogenicity on Banana (NPB)” Is the Ancestral State of the Ralstonia solanacearum IIB-4 Lineage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Whole Genome Sequencing Suggests that “Nonpathogenicity on Banana (NPB)” Is the Ancestral State of the Ralstonia solanacearum IIB-4 Lineage |
| title_short | Whole Genome Sequencing Suggests that “Nonpathogenicity on Banana (NPB)” Is the Ancestral State of the Ralstonia solanacearum IIB-4 Lineage |
| title_sort | whole genome sequencing suggests that nonpathogenicity on banana npb is the ancestral state of the ralstonia solanacearum iib 4 lineage |
| topic | bacterial pathogens genomics host range Ralstonia IIB-4 Ralstonia solanacearum species complex |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PHYTOFR-06-22-0068-SC |
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