Effect of Ethyl Chloride Spray versus Ice Pack Application on Pain Perception in Patients Undergoing Radial Arterial Puncture: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Introduction: Radial Arterial Puncture (AP) is much needed procedure in critical care setting but pain associated during AP makes patients anxious and stressed. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of ethyl chloride spray versus ice pack application in decreasing pain during puncture of radial artery...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14229/46390_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1(AG_KM)_PN(SL).pdf |
| _version_ | 1818981620700413952 |
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| author | Harjot Dhami Suresh K Sharma Rakesh Sharma Shiv K Mudgal Gaurav Jain |
| author_facet | Harjot Dhami Suresh K Sharma Rakesh Sharma Shiv K Mudgal Gaurav Jain |
| author_sort | Harjot Dhami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Radial Arterial Puncture (AP) is much needed
procedure in critical care setting but pain associated during AP
makes patients anxious and stressed.
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of ethyl chloride spray versus ice
pack application in decreasing pain during puncture of radial
artery for Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) analysis.
Materials and Methods: A randomised controlled parallel
group design study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital
in critical care units among 60 participants during November
2018 to December 2018. Seventy-two participants were initially
recruited for this study who had to undergo ABG analysis out
of them 12 were excluded and finally 60 participants were
randomly allocated to ethyl chloride spray group (n=30) and
ice pack application group (n=30). The assigned treatment was
given just prior to radial AP. The primary outcome variable was
to assess the level of pain score, which participants experienced
during AP and measured by pain numerical rating scale while
secondary outcome variable was incidence of haematoma
within two hours after procedure. Data were presented in
frequency, percentages, chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and
Fisher’s-exact test. The statistical computer package, IBM
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 23.0) was
used for statistical analysis.
Results: The mean pain score was 2.5±1.2 in the ethyl chloride
group and 3.1±1.8 in ice pack application group (p=0.113);
while incidence of haematoma was significantly high in ice pack
application group as compared to ethyl chloride group (33.3%
vs. 6.66%; p=0.01).
Conclusion: Ethyl chloride spray and ice pack application
have no significant difference in reducing pain intensity due
to radial AP. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T17:34:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd1b0ba27a594dffa5077482daaa97b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T17:34:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd1b0ba27a594dffa5077482daaa97b72022-12-21T19:31:16ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2020-11-011411LC20LC2310.7860/JCDR/2020/46390.14229Effect of Ethyl Chloride Spray versus Ice Pack Application on Pain Perception in Patients Undergoing Radial Arterial Puncture: A Randomised Controlled TrialHarjot Dhami0Suresh K Sharma1Rakesh Sharma2Shiv K Mudgal3Gaurav Jain4Postgraduate Student, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.Professor and Principal, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.Nursing Tutor, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.Introduction: Radial Arterial Puncture (AP) is much needed procedure in critical care setting but pain associated during AP makes patients anxious and stressed. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of ethyl chloride spray versus ice pack application in decreasing pain during puncture of radial artery for Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) analysis. Materials and Methods: A randomised controlled parallel group design study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in critical care units among 60 participants during November 2018 to December 2018. Seventy-two participants were initially recruited for this study who had to undergo ABG analysis out of them 12 were excluded and finally 60 participants were randomly allocated to ethyl chloride spray group (n=30) and ice pack application group (n=30). The assigned treatment was given just prior to radial AP. The primary outcome variable was to assess the level of pain score, which participants experienced during AP and measured by pain numerical rating scale while secondary outcome variable was incidence of haematoma within two hours after procedure. Data were presented in frequency, percentages, chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and Fisher’s-exact test. The statistical computer package, IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 23.0) was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean pain score was 2.5±1.2 in the ethyl chloride group and 3.1±1.8 in ice pack application group (p=0.113); while incidence of haematoma was significantly high in ice pack application group as compared to ethyl chloride group (33.3% vs. 6.66%; p=0.01). Conclusion: Ethyl chloride spray and ice pack application have no significant difference in reducing pain intensity due to radial AP.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14229/46390_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1(AG_KM)_PN(SL).pdfhaematomapain intensitypain numerical rating scale |
| spellingShingle | Harjot Dhami Suresh K Sharma Rakesh Sharma Shiv K Mudgal Gaurav Jain Effect of Ethyl Chloride Spray versus Ice Pack Application on Pain Perception in Patients Undergoing Radial Arterial Puncture: A Randomised Controlled Trial Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research haematoma pain intensity pain numerical rating scale |
| title | Effect of Ethyl Chloride Spray versus Ice Pack Application on Pain Perception in Patients Undergoing Radial Arterial Puncture: A Randomised Controlled Trial |
| title_full | Effect of Ethyl Chloride Spray versus Ice Pack Application on Pain Perception in Patients Undergoing Radial Arterial Puncture: A Randomised Controlled Trial |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Ethyl Chloride Spray versus Ice Pack Application on Pain Perception in Patients Undergoing Radial Arterial Puncture: A Randomised Controlled Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Ethyl Chloride Spray versus Ice Pack Application on Pain Perception in Patients Undergoing Radial Arterial Puncture: A Randomised Controlled Trial |
| title_short | Effect of Ethyl Chloride Spray versus Ice Pack Application on Pain Perception in Patients Undergoing Radial Arterial Puncture: A Randomised Controlled Trial |
| title_sort | effect of ethyl chloride spray versus ice pack application on pain perception in patients undergoing radial arterial puncture a randomised controlled trial |
| topic | haematoma pain intensity pain numerical rating scale |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14229/46390_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1(AG_KM)_PN(SL).pdf |
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