Establishment of Reference Interval of Thyroid Hormones and Autoantibodies: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: The accurate diagnosis of thyroid disease relies on the sensitivity and specificity of laboratory tests, which require specific reference intervals. Thyroid hormone levels can be influenced by factors such as age, gender, iodine intake and geographical region. Therefore, it is reco...
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18931/64371_CE[Ra1]_F(KR)_QC(AN_RDW_SHU)_PF1(JY_KM_OM)_PFA(JY_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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| author | K Resmy Sajitha Krishnan S Gayathri Pooja Pradeep Anju Babu G Keerthana K Nandini |
| author_facet | K Resmy Sajitha Krishnan S Gayathri Pooja Pradeep Anju Babu G Keerthana K Nandini |
| author_sort | K Resmy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The accurate diagnosis of thyroid disease relies
on the sensitivity and specificity of laboratory tests, which
require specific reference intervals. Thyroid hormone levels can
be influenced by factors such as age, gender, iodine intake and
geographical region. Therefore, it is recommended for clinical
laboratories to establish their own reference intervals.
Aim: To establish reference intervals for Thyroid Stimulating
Hormone (TSH), Free Thyroxine (FT4), Anti-thyroglobulin
antibody (anti-TG), and Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (antiTPO) in males and and females.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was
conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of
Medical Sciences (AIMS), Kochi, India, from December 2021 to
July 2022. The study included 217 apparently healthy subjects
aged between 18 years and 60 years. TSH, FT4, anti-TPO, and
anti-TG levels were analysed to establish reference values for
males and females in the two age groups: 18-40 years and
41-60 years. Reference intervals for thyroid parameters were
expressed as mean±Standard Deviation (SD), median, 2.5th and
97.5th percentiles. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess
the statistical significance of thyroid parameters between
gender and age groups.
Results: The mean age in the female population was 38.24±11.64
years, while in the male population, it was 39.24±10.98 years.
The reference intervals and cut-offs for TSH, FT4, anti-TG and
anti-TPO in females were determined as 0.80-4.12 μIU/mL, 0.99-
1.57 ngm/mL, <85.33 IU/mL and <45.13 IU/mL, respectively. In
males, the reference intervals and cut-offs for TSH, FT4, anti-TG
and anti-TPO were determined as 0.51-5.09 μIU/mL, 1.03-1.79
ng/mL, <87.09 IU/mL and <33.88 IU/mL, respectively. There
was a significant difference in anti-TPO (p-value=0.017) in males
between the two age groups. A significant difference was also
observed in FT4 (p-value=0.010) and anti-TPO (p-value=0.034)
between males and females.
Conclusion: The study successfully established reference
intervals and cut-off values for TSH, FT4, anti-TG, and antiTPO. It was found that anti-TPO levels decrease significantly
with age progression. Additionally, the reference interval for
TSH was wider in the 41-60 years age group compared to the
younger age group. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:45:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd1c8159eae64b50bdc1dfae3d97336c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:45:19Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd1c8159eae64b50bdc1dfae3d97336c2024-01-11T11:20:56ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2024-01-011801091210.7860/JCDR/2024/64371.18931Establishment of Reference Interval of Thyroid Hormones and Autoantibodies: A Cross-sectional StudyK Resmy0Sajitha Krishnan1S Gayathri2Pooja Pradeep3Anju Babu4G Keerthana5K Nandini6Postgraduate Student, Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.Senior Resident, Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.Postgraduate Student, Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.Postgraduate Student, Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.Postgraduate Student, Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.Postgraduate Student, Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.Introduction: The accurate diagnosis of thyroid disease relies on the sensitivity and specificity of laboratory tests, which require specific reference intervals. Thyroid hormone levels can be influenced by factors such as age, gender, iodine intake and geographical region. Therefore, it is recommended for clinical laboratories to establish their own reference intervals. Aim: To establish reference intervals for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Free Thyroxine (FT4), Anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-TG), and Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (antiTPO) in males and and females. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Kochi, India, from December 2021 to July 2022. The study included 217 apparently healthy subjects aged between 18 years and 60 years. TSH, FT4, anti-TPO, and anti-TG levels were analysed to establish reference values for males and females in the two age groups: 18-40 years and 41-60 years. Reference intervals for thyroid parameters were expressed as mean±Standard Deviation (SD), median, 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess the statistical significance of thyroid parameters between gender and age groups. Results: The mean age in the female population was 38.24±11.64 years, while in the male population, it was 39.24±10.98 years. The reference intervals and cut-offs for TSH, FT4, anti-TG and anti-TPO in females were determined as 0.80-4.12 μIU/mL, 0.99- 1.57 ngm/mL, <85.33 IU/mL and <45.13 IU/mL, respectively. In males, the reference intervals and cut-offs for TSH, FT4, anti-TG and anti-TPO were determined as 0.51-5.09 μIU/mL, 1.03-1.79 ng/mL, <87.09 IU/mL and <33.88 IU/mL, respectively. There was a significant difference in anti-TPO (p-value=0.017) in males between the two age groups. A significant difference was also observed in FT4 (p-value=0.010) and anti-TPO (p-value=0.034) between males and females. Conclusion: The study successfully established reference intervals and cut-off values for TSH, FT4, anti-TG, and antiTPO. It was found that anti-TPO levels decrease significantly with age progression. Additionally, the reference interval for TSH was wider in the 41-60 years age group compared to the younger age group.https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18931/64371_CE[Ra1]_F(KR)_QC(AN_RDW_SHU)_PF1(JY_KM_OM)_PFA(JY_KM)_PN(KM).pdfanti-thyroglobulinanti-thyroid peroxidasefree thyroxinesubclinical thyroid disordersthyroid stimulating hormone |
| spellingShingle | K Resmy Sajitha Krishnan S Gayathri Pooja Pradeep Anju Babu G Keerthana K Nandini Establishment of Reference Interval of Thyroid Hormones and Autoantibodies: A Cross-sectional Study Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research anti-thyroglobulin anti-thyroid peroxidase free thyroxine subclinical thyroid disorders thyroid stimulating hormone |
| title | Establishment of Reference Interval of Thyroid Hormones and Autoantibodies: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full | Establishment of Reference Interval of Thyroid Hormones and Autoantibodies: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Establishment of Reference Interval of Thyroid Hormones and Autoantibodies: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Establishment of Reference Interval of Thyroid Hormones and Autoantibodies: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_short | Establishment of Reference Interval of Thyroid Hormones and Autoantibodies: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_sort | establishment of reference interval of thyroid hormones and autoantibodies a cross sectional study |
| topic | anti-thyroglobulin anti-thyroid peroxidase free thyroxine subclinical thyroid disorders thyroid stimulating hormone |
| url | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18931/64371_CE[Ra1]_F(KR)_QC(AN_RDW_SHU)_PF1(JY_KM_OM)_PFA(JY_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
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