Helmet Shape and Phylogeography of the Treehopper <i>Membracis mexicana</i>
<i>Membracis mexicana</i> (Hemiptera: Membracidae) is distributed in four biogeographic provinces of Mexico. Field observations indicate that there are different forms of this species, but the distribution of the phenotype and the genetic variation of this species have not been clarified...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/8/704 |
| _version_ | 1797584360016183296 |
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| author | Marisol De-la-Mora Daniel Pinero |
| author_facet | Marisol De-la-Mora Daniel Pinero |
| author_sort | Marisol De-la-Mora |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Membracis mexicana</i> (Hemiptera: Membracidae) is distributed in four biogeographic provinces of Mexico. Field observations indicate that there are different forms of this species, but the distribution of the phenotype and the genetic variation of this species have not been clarified. The aim of this study was to quantify the phenotypic and genetic variation of <i>M. mexicana</i> and determine whether the configuration of biogeographic provinces impacts the distribution of this variation. To achieve this, we analyzed 307 photographs using 19 landmarks and geometric morphometrics to quantify the phenotypic variation in helmets. We sequenced five molecular markers for 205 individuals to describe the phylogeographic pattern. As a result, we identified three morphological configurations of the helmet of <i>M. mexicana</i> and two genetic lineages. The morphotypes are (1) a large and wide helmet with small dorsal spots, (2) a small and narrow helmet with large dorsal spots, and (3) a small and narrow helmet with small spots. Genetic lineages are distributed in southeast and western Mexico. The western lineage corresponds to two helmet morphotypes (1 and 2) and the southeast lineage to morphotype 3. We found that the larger helmets correspond to the western lineage and are distributed in Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and Pacific lowlands provinces, whereas the smallest helmets correspond to the southeast lineage and are present in the Veracruzan and Yucatan Peninsula provinces. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:51:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd29b98b6c354450bc65ae558eeb35b9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:51:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd29b98b6c354450bc65ae558eeb35b92023-11-19T01:36:54ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502023-08-0114870410.3390/insects14080704Helmet Shape and Phylogeography of the Treehopper <i>Membracis mexicana</i>Marisol De-la-Mora0Daniel Pinero1Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Villas del Mesón 3001, Querétaro 76230, MexicoDepartamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico<i>Membracis mexicana</i> (Hemiptera: Membracidae) is distributed in four biogeographic provinces of Mexico. Field observations indicate that there are different forms of this species, but the distribution of the phenotype and the genetic variation of this species have not been clarified. The aim of this study was to quantify the phenotypic and genetic variation of <i>M. mexicana</i> and determine whether the configuration of biogeographic provinces impacts the distribution of this variation. To achieve this, we analyzed 307 photographs using 19 landmarks and geometric morphometrics to quantify the phenotypic variation in helmets. We sequenced five molecular markers for 205 individuals to describe the phylogeographic pattern. As a result, we identified three morphological configurations of the helmet of <i>M. mexicana</i> and two genetic lineages. The morphotypes are (1) a large and wide helmet with small dorsal spots, (2) a small and narrow helmet with large dorsal spots, and (3) a small and narrow helmet with small spots. Genetic lineages are distributed in southeast and western Mexico. The western lineage corresponds to two helmet morphotypes (1 and 2) and the southeast lineage to morphotype 3. We found that the larger helmets correspond to the western lineage and are distributed in Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and Pacific lowlands provinces, whereas the smallest helmets correspond to the southeast lineage and are present in the Veracruzan and Yucatan Peninsula provinces.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/8/704treehopperMembracidaeMexicobiogeographic provincesphylogeography |
| spellingShingle | Marisol De-la-Mora Daniel Pinero Helmet Shape and Phylogeography of the Treehopper <i>Membracis mexicana</i> Insects treehopper Membracidae Mexico biogeographic provinces phylogeography |
| title | Helmet Shape and Phylogeography of the Treehopper <i>Membracis mexicana</i> |
| title_full | Helmet Shape and Phylogeography of the Treehopper <i>Membracis mexicana</i> |
| title_fullStr | Helmet Shape and Phylogeography of the Treehopper <i>Membracis mexicana</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Helmet Shape and Phylogeography of the Treehopper <i>Membracis mexicana</i> |
| title_short | Helmet Shape and Phylogeography of the Treehopper <i>Membracis mexicana</i> |
| title_sort | helmet shape and phylogeography of the treehopper i membracis mexicana i |
| topic | treehopper Membracidae Mexico biogeographic provinces phylogeography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/8/704 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marisoldelamora helmetshapeandphylogeographyofthetreehopperimembracismexicanai AT danielpinero helmetshapeandphylogeographyofthetreehopperimembracismexicanai |