Bamboo Fences as a Nature-Based Measure for Coastal Wetland Protection in Vietnam
Climate change has induced sea-level rise and a high intensity of storms, which create high nearshore waves. These caused severe mangrove degradation and erosion along the coastal wetland areas in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam. Mangroves in the coastal wetland foreshore can withstand only some certain...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.756597/full |
| _version_ | 1818897641446047744 |
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| author | Cong Mai Van Anh Ngo Tri Mai H. T. Dao |
| author_facet | Cong Mai Van Anh Ngo Tri Mai H. T. Dao |
| author_sort | Cong Mai Van |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate change has induced sea-level rise and a high intensity of storms, which create high nearshore waves. These caused severe mangrove degradation and erosion along the coastal wetland areas in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam. Mangroves in the coastal wetland foreshore can withstand only some certain design storm waves and grow under several certain submerged conditions. Therefore, reducing waves and shallowing wetland elevation for recovering mangroves and protecting them in an early birth state is important. Bamboo or melaleuca fences have been used as a nature-based solution to reduce waves and currents approaching the shore for these above purposes along Vietnamese Mekong deltaic coasts. This paper investigates wave transmission through the bamboo fence system and assesses its effectiveness in protecting the mangroves. Waves were simultaneously measured at two locations for comparison: in front of and behind the fences. The result shows that the wave reduction by the fences is considerable, and sedimentation occurs rapidly in the shelter areas behind the fences, which is highly favorable for the recovery and growth of mangroves. Next, the empirical formulae have been proposed for relationships between the wave transmission coefficient of the fence and the dimensionless wave-structures parameters, such as the relative water depth, the wave steepness, and the fence freeboard. The findings create a basic technical reference for designing a naturally friendly-based solution by using bamboo and/or wooden fences in coastal protection generally and protecting mangroves specifically. The outcome of the research contributes to narrowing an existing gap in Vietnamese design guidelines for coastal wetland protection and also facilitates the use of locally available eco-friendly materials for coastal management along the Vietnamese Mekong delta coasts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T19:19:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd2b567804ec42cea8b28cda17bdf6a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T19:19:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd2b567804ec42cea8b28cda17bdf6a62022-12-21T20:09:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452021-10-01810.3389/fmars.2021.756597756597Bamboo Fences as a Nature-Based Measure for Coastal Wetland Protection in VietnamCong Mai Van0Anh Ngo1Tri Mai2H. T. Dao3Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thuyloi University, Hanoi, VietnamFaculty of Civil Engineering, Thuyloi University, Hanoi, VietnamFaculty of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, VietnamFaculty of Marine Science and Island, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi, VietnamClimate change has induced sea-level rise and a high intensity of storms, which create high nearshore waves. These caused severe mangrove degradation and erosion along the coastal wetland areas in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam. Mangroves in the coastal wetland foreshore can withstand only some certain design storm waves and grow under several certain submerged conditions. Therefore, reducing waves and shallowing wetland elevation for recovering mangroves and protecting them in an early birth state is important. Bamboo or melaleuca fences have been used as a nature-based solution to reduce waves and currents approaching the shore for these above purposes along Vietnamese Mekong deltaic coasts. This paper investigates wave transmission through the bamboo fence system and assesses its effectiveness in protecting the mangroves. Waves were simultaneously measured at two locations for comparison: in front of and behind the fences. The result shows that the wave reduction by the fences is considerable, and sedimentation occurs rapidly in the shelter areas behind the fences, which is highly favorable for the recovery and growth of mangroves. Next, the empirical formulae have been proposed for relationships between the wave transmission coefficient of the fence and the dimensionless wave-structures parameters, such as the relative water depth, the wave steepness, and the fence freeboard. The findings create a basic technical reference for designing a naturally friendly-based solution by using bamboo and/or wooden fences in coastal protection generally and protecting mangroves specifically. The outcome of the research contributes to narrowing an existing gap in Vietnamese design guidelines for coastal wetland protection and also facilitates the use of locally available eco-friendly materials for coastal management along the Vietnamese Mekong delta coasts.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.756597/fullwave transmissionwooden fencecoastal protectionMekong delta coastnature based solutionbamboo fence |
| spellingShingle | Cong Mai Van Anh Ngo Tri Mai H. T. Dao Bamboo Fences as a Nature-Based Measure for Coastal Wetland Protection in Vietnam Frontiers in Marine Science wave transmission wooden fence coastal protection Mekong delta coast nature based solution bamboo fence |
| title | Bamboo Fences as a Nature-Based Measure for Coastal Wetland Protection in Vietnam |
| title_full | Bamboo Fences as a Nature-Based Measure for Coastal Wetland Protection in Vietnam |
| title_fullStr | Bamboo Fences as a Nature-Based Measure for Coastal Wetland Protection in Vietnam |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bamboo Fences as a Nature-Based Measure for Coastal Wetland Protection in Vietnam |
| title_short | Bamboo Fences as a Nature-Based Measure for Coastal Wetland Protection in Vietnam |
| title_sort | bamboo fences as a nature based measure for coastal wetland protection in vietnam |
| topic | wave transmission wooden fence coastal protection Mekong delta coast nature based solution bamboo fence |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.756597/full |
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