Disorders of Arousal: A Chronobiological Perspective
Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep parasomnias are characterized by motor and emotional behaviors emerging from incomplete arousals from NREM sleep and they are currently referred to as disorders of arousal (DoA). Three main clinical entities are recognized, namely confusional arousal, sleep terror...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Clocks & Sleep |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-5175/3/1/4 |
| _version_ | 1827598993770676224 |
|---|---|
| author | Greta Mainieri Giuseppe Loddo Federica Provini |
| author_facet | Greta Mainieri Giuseppe Loddo Federica Provini |
| author_sort | Greta Mainieri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep parasomnias are characterized by motor and emotional behaviors emerging from incomplete arousals from NREM sleep and they are currently referred to as disorders of arousal (DoA). Three main clinical entities are recognized, namely confusional arousal, sleep terror and sleepwalking. DoA are largely present in pediatric populations, an age in which they are considered as transitory, unhabitual physiological events. The literature background in the last twenty years has extensively shown that DoA can persist in adulthood in predisposed individuals or even appear de novo in some cases. Even though some episodes may arise from stage 2 of sleep, most DoA occur during slow wave sleep (SWS), and particularly during the first two sleep cycles. The reasons for this timing are linked to the intrinsic structure of SWS and with the possible influence on this sleep phase of predisposing, priming and precipitating factors for DoA episodes. The objective of this paper is to review the intrinsic sleep-related features and chronobiological aspects affecting SWS, responsible for the occurrence of the majority of DoA episodes during the first part of the night. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:04:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd5e73ff7d14494681a357868558fe81 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-5175 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:04:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clocks & Sleep |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd5e73ff7d14494681a357868558fe812023-12-03T14:08:50ZengMDPI AGClocks & Sleep2624-51752021-01-0131536510.3390/clockssleep3010004Disorders of Arousal: A Chronobiological PerspectiveGreta Mainieri0Giuseppe Loddo1Federica Provini2Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, ItalyAzienda AUSL di Bologna, 40124 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, ItalyNon-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep parasomnias are characterized by motor and emotional behaviors emerging from incomplete arousals from NREM sleep and they are currently referred to as disorders of arousal (DoA). Three main clinical entities are recognized, namely confusional arousal, sleep terror and sleepwalking. DoA are largely present in pediatric populations, an age in which they are considered as transitory, unhabitual physiological events. The literature background in the last twenty years has extensively shown that DoA can persist in adulthood in predisposed individuals or even appear de novo in some cases. Even though some episodes may arise from stage 2 of sleep, most DoA occur during slow wave sleep (SWS), and particularly during the first two sleep cycles. The reasons for this timing are linked to the intrinsic structure of SWS and with the possible influence on this sleep phase of predisposing, priming and precipitating factors for DoA episodes. The objective of this paper is to review the intrinsic sleep-related features and chronobiological aspects affecting SWS, responsible for the occurrence of the majority of DoA episodes during the first part of the night.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-5175/3/1/4parasomniacircadian rhythmslow wave sleepNREM sleepchronotypesleep deprivation |
| spellingShingle | Greta Mainieri Giuseppe Loddo Federica Provini Disorders of Arousal: A Chronobiological Perspective Clocks & Sleep parasomnia circadian rhythm slow wave sleep NREM sleep chronotype sleep deprivation |
| title | Disorders of Arousal: A Chronobiological Perspective |
| title_full | Disorders of Arousal: A Chronobiological Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Disorders of Arousal: A Chronobiological Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disorders of Arousal: A Chronobiological Perspective |
| title_short | Disorders of Arousal: A Chronobiological Perspective |
| title_sort | disorders of arousal a chronobiological perspective |
| topic | parasomnia circadian rhythm slow wave sleep NREM sleep chronotype sleep deprivation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-5175/3/1/4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gretamainieri disordersofarousalachronobiologicalperspective AT giuseppeloddo disordersofarousalachronobiologicalperspective AT federicaprovini disordersofarousalachronobiologicalperspective |