Causal effects of fatty acids on atopic dermatitis: A Mendelian randomization study
BackgroundSome evidence suggests abnormalities in fatty acids in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), and benefits of supplementation with these fatty acids have been reported. However, there is still substantial controversy on the correlation between fatty acids and AD. Therefore, the aim of this...
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| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1083455/full |
| _version_ | 1797896074733551616 |
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| author | Jia-Ying Lin Liang-Juan Ma Jin-Ping Yuan Pei Yu Bing-Xue Bai |
| author_facet | Jia-Ying Lin Liang-Juan Ma Jin-Ping Yuan Pei Yu Bing-Xue Bai |
| author_sort | Jia-Ying Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundSome evidence suggests abnormalities in fatty acids in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), and benefits of supplementation with these fatty acids have been reported. However, there is still substantial controversy on the correlation between fatty acids and AD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether fatty acid levels are causally related to AD using a Mendelian randomization approach.MethodsWe evaluated the data about the fatty acids levels and AD with various methods from Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). GWAS results were available both from European ancestry. Mendelian randomization methods were used to analysis the casual inference of fatty acids on AD. MR Egger and MR-PRESSO were used to determine pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Further analysis was conducted using instruments associated with the FADS genes to address mechanisms involved. We also used Multivariate MR (MVMR) to show the independent casual inference of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids on AD.ResultsMendelian randomization (MR) analysis suggests that n-3 fatty acid levels are associated with a lower risk of AD (n-3 ORIVW: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87–0.98; p = 0.01). Moreover, docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) levels, which is a kind of long-chain, highly unsaturated omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid, and its higher level was associated with a lower risk of AD (DHA ORIVW: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84–0.98; p = 0.02). We ran multivariable MR analysis while controlling for variables within the other types of fatty acids. The effect estimates agreed with the preliminary MR analysis indicating the effect of n-3 fatty acids levels on AD was robust. MR-egger suggest no significant pleiotropy and heterogeneity on genetic instrumental variants. Outliers-corrected MR analyses after controlling horizontal pleiotropy were still robust. The single-SNP analyses revealed that n-3 fatty acids are likely linked to a decreased risk of AD through FADS cluster, highlighting the significance of the FADS gene in the fatty acids synthesis pathway in the development of AD.ConclusionOur studies suggest that n-3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of AD. Risk prediction tools based on n-3 fatty acid levels may be valuable methods for improving AD screening and primary prevention. To reduce the risk of AD, individuals could enhance n-3 fatty acids intake through supplement or diet. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:35:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd62031ee395467193c08312583f8194 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T07:35:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd62031ee395467193c08312583f81942023-02-23T12:42:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-02-011010.3389/fnut.2023.10834551083455Causal effects of fatty acids on atopic dermatitis: A Mendelian randomization studyJia-Ying LinLiang-Juan MaJin-Ping YuanPei YuBing-Xue BaiBackgroundSome evidence suggests abnormalities in fatty acids in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), and benefits of supplementation with these fatty acids have been reported. However, there is still substantial controversy on the correlation between fatty acids and AD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether fatty acid levels are causally related to AD using a Mendelian randomization approach.MethodsWe evaluated the data about the fatty acids levels and AD with various methods from Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). GWAS results were available both from European ancestry. Mendelian randomization methods were used to analysis the casual inference of fatty acids on AD. MR Egger and MR-PRESSO were used to determine pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Further analysis was conducted using instruments associated with the FADS genes to address mechanisms involved. We also used Multivariate MR (MVMR) to show the independent casual inference of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids on AD.ResultsMendelian randomization (MR) analysis suggests that n-3 fatty acid levels are associated with a lower risk of AD (n-3 ORIVW: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87–0.98; p = 0.01). Moreover, docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) levels, which is a kind of long-chain, highly unsaturated omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid, and its higher level was associated with a lower risk of AD (DHA ORIVW: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84–0.98; p = 0.02). We ran multivariable MR analysis while controlling for variables within the other types of fatty acids. The effect estimates agreed with the preliminary MR analysis indicating the effect of n-3 fatty acids levels on AD was robust. MR-egger suggest no significant pleiotropy and heterogeneity on genetic instrumental variants. Outliers-corrected MR analyses after controlling horizontal pleiotropy were still robust. The single-SNP analyses revealed that n-3 fatty acids are likely linked to a decreased risk of AD through FADS cluster, highlighting the significance of the FADS gene in the fatty acids synthesis pathway in the development of AD.ConclusionOur studies suggest that n-3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of AD. Risk prediction tools based on n-3 fatty acid levels may be valuable methods for improving AD screening and primary prevention. To reduce the risk of AD, individuals could enhance n-3 fatty acids intake through supplement or diet.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1083455/fullfatty acidsatopic dermatitisomega-3 fatty acidsFADS geneMendelian randomization study |
| spellingShingle | Jia-Ying Lin Liang-Juan Ma Jin-Ping Yuan Pei Yu Bing-Xue Bai Causal effects of fatty acids on atopic dermatitis: A Mendelian randomization study Frontiers in Nutrition fatty acids atopic dermatitis omega-3 fatty acids FADS gene Mendelian randomization study |
| title | Causal effects of fatty acids on atopic dermatitis: A Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full | Causal effects of fatty acids on atopic dermatitis: A Mendelian randomization study |
| title_fullStr | Causal effects of fatty acids on atopic dermatitis: A Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Causal effects of fatty acids on atopic dermatitis: A Mendelian randomization study |
| title_short | Causal effects of fatty acids on atopic dermatitis: A Mendelian randomization study |
| title_sort | causal effects of fatty acids on atopic dermatitis a mendelian randomization study |
| topic | fatty acids atopic dermatitis omega-3 fatty acids FADS gene Mendelian randomization study |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1083455/full |
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