Assessment of Orbital Compartment Pressure: A Comprehensive Review
The orbit is a closed compartment defined by the orbital bones and the orbital septum. Some diseases of the orbit and the optic nerve are associated with an increased orbital compartment pressure (OCP), e.g., retrobulbar hemorrhage or thyroid eye disease. Our aim was to review the literature on the...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/6/1481 |
| _version_ | 1797488268675121152 |
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| author | Tim J. Enz Markus Tschopp |
| author_facet | Tim J. Enz Markus Tschopp |
| author_sort | Tim J. Enz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The orbit is a closed compartment defined by the orbital bones and the orbital septum. Some diseases of the orbit and the optic nerve are associated with an increased orbital compartment pressure (OCP), e.g., retrobulbar hemorrhage or thyroid eye disease. Our aim was to review the literature on the different approaches to assess OCP. Historically, an assessment of the tissue resistance provoked by the retropulsion of the eye bulb was the method of choice for estimating OCP, either by digital palpation or with specifically designed devices. We found a total of 20 articles reporting direct OCP measurement in animals, cadavers and humans. In nine studies, OCP was directly measured in humans, of which five used a minimally invasive approach. Two groups used experimental/custom devices, whilst the others applied commercially available devices commonly used for monitoring the compartment syndromes of the limbs. None of the nine articles on direct OCP measurements in humans reported complications. Today, OCP is mainly estimated using clinical findings considered surrogates, e.g., elevated intraocular pressure or proptosis. These diagnostic markers appear to reliably indicate elevated OCP. However, particularly minimally invasive approaches show promises for direct OCP measurements. In the future, more sophisticated, specifically designed equipment might allow for even better and safer measurements and hence facilitate the diagnosis and monitoring of orbital diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:59:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd67d0b91208410ba833d1d4200beb7e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:59:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd67d0b91208410ba833d1d4200beb7e2023-11-23T16:18:52ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-06-01126148110.3390/diagnostics12061481Assessment of Orbital Compartment Pressure: A Comprehensive ReviewTim J. Enz0Markus Tschopp1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, CH-4031 Basel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, CH-5001 Aarau, SwitzerlandThe orbit is a closed compartment defined by the orbital bones and the orbital septum. Some diseases of the orbit and the optic nerve are associated with an increased orbital compartment pressure (OCP), e.g., retrobulbar hemorrhage or thyroid eye disease. Our aim was to review the literature on the different approaches to assess OCP. Historically, an assessment of the tissue resistance provoked by the retropulsion of the eye bulb was the method of choice for estimating OCP, either by digital palpation or with specifically designed devices. We found a total of 20 articles reporting direct OCP measurement in animals, cadavers and humans. In nine studies, OCP was directly measured in humans, of which five used a minimally invasive approach. Two groups used experimental/custom devices, whilst the others applied commercially available devices commonly used for monitoring the compartment syndromes of the limbs. None of the nine articles on direct OCP measurements in humans reported complications. Today, OCP is mainly estimated using clinical findings considered surrogates, e.g., elevated intraocular pressure or proptosis. These diagnostic markers appear to reliably indicate elevated OCP. However, particularly minimally invasive approaches show promises for direct OCP measurements. In the future, more sophisticated, specifically designed equipment might allow for even better and safer measurements and hence facilitate the diagnosis and monitoring of orbital diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/6/1481orbital compartment pressureminimally invasive measurementorbital compartment syndromethyroid eye disease |
| spellingShingle | Tim J. Enz Markus Tschopp Assessment of Orbital Compartment Pressure: A Comprehensive Review Diagnostics orbital compartment pressure minimally invasive measurement orbital compartment syndrome thyroid eye disease |
| title | Assessment of Orbital Compartment Pressure: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full | Assessment of Orbital Compartment Pressure: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Orbital Compartment Pressure: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Orbital Compartment Pressure: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_short | Assessment of Orbital Compartment Pressure: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_sort | assessment of orbital compartment pressure a comprehensive review |
| topic | orbital compartment pressure minimally invasive measurement orbital compartment syndrome thyroid eye disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/6/1481 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT timjenz assessmentoforbitalcompartmentpressureacomprehensivereview AT markustschopp assessmentoforbitalcompartmentpressureacomprehensivereview |