Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoC
We present a fully integrated cryogenic controller for electrostatically controlled quantum dots (QDs) implemented in a commercial 22-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS process and operating in a quantum regime. The QDs are realized in local well areas of transistors separated by tunnel bar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2022-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9915422/ |
| _version_ | 1827276336305012736 |
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| author | Robert Bogdan Staszewski Ali Esmailiyan Hongying Wang Eugene Koskin Panagiotis Giounanlis Xutong Wu Anna Koziol Andrii Sokolov Imran Bashir Mike Asker Dirk Leipold Reza Nikandish Teerachot Siriburanon Elena Blokhina |
| author_facet | Robert Bogdan Staszewski Ali Esmailiyan Hongying Wang Eugene Koskin Panagiotis Giounanlis Xutong Wu Anna Koziol Andrii Sokolov Imran Bashir Mike Asker Dirk Leipold Reza Nikandish Teerachot Siriburanon Elena Blokhina |
| author_sort | Robert Bogdan Staszewski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present a fully integrated cryogenic controller for electrostatically controlled quantum dots (QDs) implemented in a commercial 22-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS process and operating in a quantum regime. The QDs are realized in local well areas of transistors separated by tunnel barriers controlled by voltages applied to gate terminals. The QD arrays (QDA) are co-located with the control circuitry inside each quantum experiment cell, with a total of 28 of such cells comprising this system-on-chip (SoC). The QDA structure is controlled by small capacitive digital-to-analog converters (CDACs) and its quantum state is measured by a single-electron detector. The SoC operates at a cryogenic temperature of 3.4K. The occupied area of each QDA is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.7 \times 0.4\mu \text{m}^2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, while each QD occupies only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$20 \times 80 \text{nm}^2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The low power and miniaturized area of these circuits are an important step on the way for integration of a large quantum core with millions of QDs, required for practical quantum computers. The performance and functionality of the CDAC are validated in a loop-back mode with the detector sensing the CDAC-compelled electron tunneling from the quantum point contact (QPC) node into the quantum structure. The position of the injected charge inside the QDA is intended to be controlled through the CDAC codes and programmable pulse width. Quantum effects are shown by an experimental characterization of charge injection and quantization into the QDA consisting of three coupled QDs. The charge can be transferred to a QD and sensed at the QPC, and this process is controlled by the relevant voltages and CDACs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T06:43:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd84d25b95ac44d7a6ebc980fcea91b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2644-1349 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T06:43:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd84d25b95ac44d7a6ebc980fcea91b82024-04-22T20:40:14ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society2644-13492022-01-01210312110.1109/OJSSCS.2022.32135289915422Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoCRobert Bogdan Staszewski0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9848-1129Ali Esmailiyan1Hongying Wang2Eugene Koskin3Panagiotis Giounanlis4Xutong Wu5Anna Koziol6Andrii Sokolov7Imran Bashir8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-6920Mike Asker9Dirk Leipold10Reza Nikandish11Teerachot Siriburanon12Elena Blokhina13https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4164-4350School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, IrelandEqual1 Labs Ltd., Belfield, IrelandEqual1 Labs Ltd., Belfield, IrelandEqual1 Labs Ltd., Belfield, IrelandEqual1 Labs Ltd., Belfield, IrelandSchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, IrelandEqual1 Labs Ltd., Belfield, IrelandEqual1 Labs Ltd., Belfield, IrelandEqual1 Labs Inc., Fremont, CA, USAEqual1 Labs Inc., Fremont, CA, USAEqual1 Labs Inc., Fremont, CA, USASchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, IrelandSchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, IrelandSchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, IrelandWe present a fully integrated cryogenic controller for electrostatically controlled quantum dots (QDs) implemented in a commercial 22-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS process and operating in a quantum regime. The QDs are realized in local well areas of transistors separated by tunnel barriers controlled by voltages applied to gate terminals. The QD arrays (QDA) are co-located with the control circuitry inside each quantum experiment cell, with a total of 28 of such cells comprising this system-on-chip (SoC). The QDA structure is controlled by small capacitive digital-to-analog converters (CDACs) and its quantum state is measured by a single-electron detector. The SoC operates at a cryogenic temperature of 3.4K. The occupied area of each QDA is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.7 \times 0.4\mu \text{m}^2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, while each QD occupies only <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$20 \times 80 \text{nm}^2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The low power and miniaturized area of these circuits are an important step on the way for integration of a large quantum core with millions of QDs, required for practical quantum computers. The performance and functionality of the CDAC are validated in a loop-back mode with the detector sensing the CDAC-compelled electron tunneling from the quantum point contact (QPC) node into the quantum structure. The position of the injected charge inside the QDA is intended to be controlled through the CDAC codes and programmable pulse width. Quantum effects are shown by an experimental characterization of charge injection and quantization into the QDA consisting of three coupled QDs. The charge can be transferred to a QD and sensed at the QPC, and this process is controlled by the relevant voltages and CDACs.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9915422/Capacitive DAC (CDAC)charge qubitscryo-CMOSfully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI)imposerposition-based qubits |
| spellingShingle | Robert Bogdan Staszewski Ali Esmailiyan Hongying Wang Eugene Koskin Panagiotis Giounanlis Xutong Wu Anna Koziol Andrii Sokolov Imran Bashir Mike Asker Dirk Leipold Reza Nikandish Teerachot Siriburanon Elena Blokhina Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoC IEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society Capacitive DAC (CDAC) charge qubits cryo-CMOS fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) imposer position-based qubits |
| title | Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoC |
| title_full | Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoC |
| title_fullStr | Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoC |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoC |
| title_short | Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoC |
| title_sort | cryogenic controller for electrostatically controlled quantum dots in 22 nm quantum soc |
| topic | Capacitive DAC (CDAC) charge qubits cryo-CMOS fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) imposer position-based qubits |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9915422/ |
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