Shared and Divergent Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cachexia and Sarcopenia
Significant loss of muscle mass may occur in cachexia and sarcopenia, which are major causes of mortality and disability. Cachexia represents a complex multi-organ syndrome associated with cancer and chronic diseases. It is often characterized by body weight loss, inflammation, and muscle and adipos...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/15/2293 |
| _version_ | 1797414406407061504 |
|---|---|
| author | Laura Yedigaryan Martina Gatti Vittoria Marini Tullia Maraldi Maurilio Sampaolesi |
| author_facet | Laura Yedigaryan Martina Gatti Vittoria Marini Tullia Maraldi Maurilio Sampaolesi |
| author_sort | Laura Yedigaryan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Significant loss of muscle mass may occur in cachexia and sarcopenia, which are major causes of mortality and disability. Cachexia represents a complex multi-organ syndrome associated with cancer and chronic diseases. It is often characterized by body weight loss, inflammation, and muscle and adipose wasting. Progressive muscle loss is also a hallmark of healthy aging, which is emerging worldwide as a main demographic trend. A great challenge for the health care systems is the age-related decline in functionality which threatens the independence and quality of life of elderly people. This biological decline can also be associated with functional muscle loss, known as sarcopenia. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play pivotal roles in the development and progression of muscle wasting in both cachexia and sarcopenia. These small non-coding RNAs, often carried in extracellular vesicles, inhibit translation by targeting messenger RNAs, therefore representing potent epigenetic modulators. The molecular mechanisms behind cachexia and sarcopenia, including the expression of specific miRNAs, share common and distinctive trends. The aim of the present review is to compile recent evidence about shared and divergent epigenetic mechanisms, particularly focusing on miRNAs, between cachexia and sarcopenia to understand a facet in the underlying muscle wasting associated with these morbidities and disclose potential therapeutic interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:32:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd8c2569e5a24075ba08fb1ef6d0ccf6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:32:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd8c2569e5a24075ba08fb1ef6d0ccf62023-12-03T12:31:56ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-07-011115229310.3390/cells11152293Shared and Divergent Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cachexia and SarcopeniaLaura Yedigaryan0Martina Gatti1Vittoria Marini2Tullia Maraldi3Maurilio Sampaolesi4Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyTranslational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, ItalyTranslational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumSignificant loss of muscle mass may occur in cachexia and sarcopenia, which are major causes of mortality and disability. Cachexia represents a complex multi-organ syndrome associated with cancer and chronic diseases. It is often characterized by body weight loss, inflammation, and muscle and adipose wasting. Progressive muscle loss is also a hallmark of healthy aging, which is emerging worldwide as a main demographic trend. A great challenge for the health care systems is the age-related decline in functionality which threatens the independence and quality of life of elderly people. This biological decline can also be associated with functional muscle loss, known as sarcopenia. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play pivotal roles in the development and progression of muscle wasting in both cachexia and sarcopenia. These small non-coding RNAs, often carried in extracellular vesicles, inhibit translation by targeting messenger RNAs, therefore representing potent epigenetic modulators. The molecular mechanisms behind cachexia and sarcopenia, including the expression of specific miRNAs, share common and distinctive trends. The aim of the present review is to compile recent evidence about shared and divergent epigenetic mechanisms, particularly focusing on miRNAs, between cachexia and sarcopenia to understand a facet in the underlying muscle wasting associated with these morbidities and disclose potential therapeutic interventions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/15/2293cachexiasarcopeniaepigeneticsmiRNAsskeletal muscleextracellular vesicles |
| spellingShingle | Laura Yedigaryan Martina Gatti Vittoria Marini Tullia Maraldi Maurilio Sampaolesi Shared and Divergent Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cachexia and Sarcopenia Cells cachexia sarcopenia epigenetics miRNAs skeletal muscle extracellular vesicles |
| title | Shared and Divergent Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cachexia and Sarcopenia |
| title_full | Shared and Divergent Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cachexia and Sarcopenia |
| title_fullStr | Shared and Divergent Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cachexia and Sarcopenia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shared and Divergent Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cachexia and Sarcopenia |
| title_short | Shared and Divergent Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cachexia and Sarcopenia |
| title_sort | shared and divergent epigenetic mechanisms in cachexia and sarcopenia |
| topic | cachexia sarcopenia epigenetics miRNAs skeletal muscle extracellular vesicles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/15/2293 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT laurayedigaryan sharedanddivergentepigeneticmechanismsincachexiaandsarcopenia AT martinagatti sharedanddivergentepigeneticmechanismsincachexiaandsarcopenia AT vittoriamarini sharedanddivergentepigeneticmechanismsincachexiaandsarcopenia AT tulliamaraldi sharedanddivergentepigeneticmechanismsincachexiaandsarcopenia AT mauriliosampaolesi sharedanddivergentepigeneticmechanismsincachexiaandsarcopenia |