The Role of tRNA-Centered Translational Regulatory Mechanisms in Cancer
Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While numerous factors have been identified as contributing to the development of malignancy, our understanding of the mechanisms involved remains limited. Early cancer detection and the development of effective treatments are therefore...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/1/77 |
| _version_ | 1797359097156206592 |
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| author | Yuanjian Shi Yipeng Feng Qinglin Wang Gaochao Dong Wenjie Xia Feng Jiang |
| author_facet | Yuanjian Shi Yipeng Feng Qinglin Wang Gaochao Dong Wenjie Xia Feng Jiang |
| author_sort | Yuanjian Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While numerous factors have been identified as contributing to the development of malignancy, our understanding of the mechanisms involved remains limited. Early cancer detection and the development of effective treatments are therefore critical areas of research. One class of molecules that play a crucial role in the transmission of genetic information are transfer RNAs (tRNAs), which are the most abundant RNA molecules in the human transcriptome. Dysregulated synthesis of tRNAs directly results in translation disorders and diseases, including cancer. Moreover, various types of tRNA modifications and the enzymes responsible for these modifications have been implicated in tumor biology. Furthermore, alterations in tRNA modification can impact tRNA stability, and impaired stability can prompt the cleavage of tRNAs into smaller fragments known as tRNA fragments (tRFs). Initially believed to be random byproducts lacking any physiological function, tRFs have now been redefined as non-coding RNA molecules with distinct roles in regulating RNA stability, translation, target gene expression, and other biological processes. In this review, we present recent findings on translational regulatory models centered around tRNAs in tumors, providing a deeper understanding of tumorigenesis and suggesting new directions for cancer treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:10:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd8e6a07cd31437484291f7f092b1bd3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:10:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd8e6a07cd31437484291f7f092b1bd32024-01-10T14:52:32ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-12-011617710.3390/cancers16010077The Role of tRNA-Centered Translational Regulatory Mechanisms in CancerYuanjian Shi0Yipeng Feng1Qinglin Wang2Gaochao Dong3Wenjie Xia4Feng Jiang5Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 211166, ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 211166, ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 211166, ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 211166, ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 211166, ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing 211166, ChinaCancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While numerous factors have been identified as contributing to the development of malignancy, our understanding of the mechanisms involved remains limited. Early cancer detection and the development of effective treatments are therefore critical areas of research. One class of molecules that play a crucial role in the transmission of genetic information are transfer RNAs (tRNAs), which are the most abundant RNA molecules in the human transcriptome. Dysregulated synthesis of tRNAs directly results in translation disorders and diseases, including cancer. Moreover, various types of tRNA modifications and the enzymes responsible for these modifications have been implicated in tumor biology. Furthermore, alterations in tRNA modification can impact tRNA stability, and impaired stability can prompt the cleavage of tRNAs into smaller fragments known as tRNA fragments (tRFs). Initially believed to be random byproducts lacking any physiological function, tRFs have now been redefined as non-coding RNA molecules with distinct roles in regulating RNA stability, translation, target gene expression, and other biological processes. In this review, we present recent findings on translational regulatory models centered around tRNAs in tumors, providing a deeper understanding of tumorigenesis and suggesting new directions for cancer treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/1/77cancertranslational regulationtRNAstRNA modificationstRNA-derived fragments |
| spellingShingle | Yuanjian Shi Yipeng Feng Qinglin Wang Gaochao Dong Wenjie Xia Feng Jiang The Role of tRNA-Centered Translational Regulatory Mechanisms in Cancer Cancers cancer translational regulation tRNAs tRNA modifications tRNA-derived fragments |
| title | The Role of tRNA-Centered Translational Regulatory Mechanisms in Cancer |
| title_full | The Role of tRNA-Centered Translational Regulatory Mechanisms in Cancer |
| title_fullStr | The Role of tRNA-Centered Translational Regulatory Mechanisms in Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of tRNA-Centered Translational Regulatory Mechanisms in Cancer |
| title_short | The Role of tRNA-Centered Translational Regulatory Mechanisms in Cancer |
| title_sort | role of trna centered translational regulatory mechanisms in cancer |
| topic | cancer translational regulation tRNAs tRNA modifications tRNA-derived fragments |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/1/77 |
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