Unveiling Entrepreneurial Ecosystems’ Transformation: A GEM Based Portrait
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EEs) have attracted the attention of academics, practitioners, and policymakers, that attempt to unlock ‘a winning recipe’ considering the different EEs pillars in order to ignite entrepreneurship at large. Therefore, understanding the degree of influence of each pillar o...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Economies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/9/4/186 |
| _version_ | 1827672943454322688 |
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| author | Mariana Pita Joana Costa António Carrizo Moreira |
| author_facet | Mariana Pita Joana Costa António Carrizo Moreira |
| author_sort | Mariana Pita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EEs) have attracted the attention of academics, practitioners, and policymakers, that attempt to unlock ‘a winning recipe’ considering the different EEs pillars in order to ignite entrepreneurship at large. Therefore, understanding the degree of influence of each pillar on Entrepreneurial Initiative (EI) is helpful in framing more effective policies towards entrepreneurship. This study aims to bring a new facet to entrepreneurship research, specifically on decomposing the transformation of EEs and the influence of EEs pillars on EI. The transformation of EEs is shown by a balanced panel approach based on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) dataset over 8 years (2010–2017), comprising 18 countries. The study has several implications for entrepreneurship theory and practice as well as public policy since discusses three main issues, mainly supported by empirical results. First, the results show an unbalanced influence of EEs pillars on EI. Second, results also show the ineffectiveness of institutions in encouraging the desire to act entrepreneurially. Third, entrepreneurship needs to be part of the acculturation process evidencing the importance of collective normative. Therefore, providing the instruments and structures is not enough to encourage individuals to start an entrepreneurial journey. Generally, the results reveal that contextual determinants are significant in fostering entrepreneurial propensity to start a business. But the impact of the nine pillars is not equalized, revealing a fragmented influence with funding measures, R&D transfer, and cultural and social norms discouraging entrepreneurial initiative. Overall, the study contributes to the understanding of a multidimensional perspective on EEs and points future policy directions to overcome the lack of entrepreneurship and amend flawed entrepreneurship policies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:17:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bd990f83c1314e31a651872d691fdbec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-7099 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:17:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Economies |
| spelling | doaj.art-bd990f83c1314e31a651872d691fdbec2023-11-23T07:59:08ZengMDPI AGEconomies2227-70992021-11-019418610.3390/economies9040186Unveiling Entrepreneurial Ecosystems’ Transformation: A GEM Based PortraitMariana Pita0Joana Costa1António Carrizo Moreira2DEGEIT—Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalDEGEIT—Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalDEGEIT—Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalEntrepreneurial Ecosystems (EEs) have attracted the attention of academics, practitioners, and policymakers, that attempt to unlock ‘a winning recipe’ considering the different EEs pillars in order to ignite entrepreneurship at large. Therefore, understanding the degree of influence of each pillar on Entrepreneurial Initiative (EI) is helpful in framing more effective policies towards entrepreneurship. This study aims to bring a new facet to entrepreneurship research, specifically on decomposing the transformation of EEs and the influence of EEs pillars on EI. The transformation of EEs is shown by a balanced panel approach based on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) dataset over 8 years (2010–2017), comprising 18 countries. The study has several implications for entrepreneurship theory and practice as well as public policy since discusses three main issues, mainly supported by empirical results. First, the results show an unbalanced influence of EEs pillars on EI. Second, results also show the ineffectiveness of institutions in encouraging the desire to act entrepreneurially. Third, entrepreneurship needs to be part of the acculturation process evidencing the importance of collective normative. Therefore, providing the instruments and structures is not enough to encourage individuals to start an entrepreneurial journey. Generally, the results reveal that contextual determinants are significant in fostering entrepreneurial propensity to start a business. But the impact of the nine pillars is not equalized, revealing a fragmented influence with funding measures, R&D transfer, and cultural and social norms discouraging entrepreneurial initiative. Overall, the study contributes to the understanding of a multidimensional perspective on EEs and points future policy directions to overcome the lack of entrepreneurship and amend flawed entrepreneurship policies.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/9/4/186entrepreneurial ecosystemsentrepreneurial initiativeentrepreneurial ecosystem qualityGEM |
| spellingShingle | Mariana Pita Joana Costa António Carrizo Moreira Unveiling Entrepreneurial Ecosystems’ Transformation: A GEM Based Portrait Economies entrepreneurial ecosystems entrepreneurial initiative entrepreneurial ecosystem quality GEM |
| title | Unveiling Entrepreneurial Ecosystems’ Transformation: A GEM Based Portrait |
| title_full | Unveiling Entrepreneurial Ecosystems’ Transformation: A GEM Based Portrait |
| title_fullStr | Unveiling Entrepreneurial Ecosystems’ Transformation: A GEM Based Portrait |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unveiling Entrepreneurial Ecosystems’ Transformation: A GEM Based Portrait |
| title_short | Unveiling Entrepreneurial Ecosystems’ Transformation: A GEM Based Portrait |
| title_sort | unveiling entrepreneurial ecosystems transformation a gem based portrait |
| topic | entrepreneurial ecosystems entrepreneurial initiative entrepreneurial ecosystem quality GEM |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/9/4/186 |
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