ESBL-Type and AmpC-Type Beta-Lactamases in Third Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> Isolated from Animal Feces in Madagascar
Third generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GCR) <i>Enterobacterales</i> are known to be prevalent in Madagascar, with high colonization or infection rates in particular in Madagascan patients. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) have been reported to be the predominant underlying r...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/5/741 |
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| author | Ulrich Schotte Julian Ehlers Johanna Nieter Raphaël Rakotozandrindrainy Silver A. Wolf Torsten Semmler Hagen Frickmann Sven Poppert Christa Ewers |
| author_facet | Ulrich Schotte Julian Ehlers Johanna Nieter Raphaël Rakotozandrindrainy Silver A. Wolf Torsten Semmler Hagen Frickmann Sven Poppert Christa Ewers |
| author_sort | Ulrich Schotte |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Third generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GCR) <i>Enterobacterales</i> are known to be prevalent in Madagascar, with high colonization or infection rates in particular in Madagascan patients. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) have been reported to be the predominant underlying resistance mechanism in human isolates. So far, little is known on antimicrobial resistance and its molecular determinants in <i>Enterobacterales</i> and other bacteria causing enteric colonization of Madagascan wild animals. To address this topic, swabs from 49 animal stool droppings were collected in the Madagascan Tsimanapesotsa National Park and assessed by cultural growth of bacterial microorganisms on elective media. In addition to 7 <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp., a total of 31 <i>Enterobacterales</i> growing on elective agar for <i>Enterobacterales</i> could be isolated and subjected to whole genome sequencing. <i>Enterobacter</i> spp. was the most frequently isolated genus, and AmpC-type beta-lactamases were the quantitatively dominating molecular resistance mechanism. In contrast, the <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub> gene, which has repeatedly been associated with 3GC-resistance in Madagascan <i>Enterobacterales</i> from humans, was detected in a single <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolate only. The identification of the fosfomycin-resistance gene <i>fosA</i> in a high proportion of isolates is concerning, as fosfomycin is increasingly used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In conclusion, the proof-of-principle assessment indicated a high colonization rate of resistant bacteria in stool droppings of Madagascan wild animals with a particular focus on 3GCR <i>Enterobacterales</i>. Future studies should confirm these preliminary results in a more systematic way and assess the molecular relationship of animal and human isolates to identify potential routes of transmission. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:36:50Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-bda80ca50f7e4b58bdcceaa8c51ae2c12024-03-12T16:38:08ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-02-0114574110.3390/ani14050741ESBL-Type and AmpC-Type Beta-Lactamases in Third Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> Isolated from Animal Feces in MadagascarUlrich Schotte0Julian Ehlers1Johanna Nieter2Raphaël Rakotozandrindrainy3Silver A. Wolf4Torsten Semmler5Hagen Frickmann6Sven Poppert7Christa Ewers8Department A—Veterinary Medicine, Central Institute of the Bundeswehr Medical Service Kiel, 24119 Kronshagen, GermanyBernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine Hamburg, 20359 Hamburg, GermanyDepartment A—Veterinary Medicine, Central Institute of the Bundeswehr Medical Service Kiel, 24119 Kronshagen, GermanyDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo BP 566, MadagascarGenome Competence Centre, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, GermanyGenome Competence Centre, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, 20359 Hamburg, GermanyBernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine Hamburg, 20359 Hamburg, GermanyInstitute for Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, GermanyThird generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GCR) <i>Enterobacterales</i> are known to be prevalent in Madagascar, with high colonization or infection rates in particular in Madagascan patients. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) have been reported to be the predominant underlying resistance mechanism in human isolates. So far, little is known on antimicrobial resistance and its molecular determinants in <i>Enterobacterales</i> and other bacteria causing enteric colonization of Madagascan wild animals. To address this topic, swabs from 49 animal stool droppings were collected in the Madagascan Tsimanapesotsa National Park and assessed by cultural growth of bacterial microorganisms on elective media. In addition to 7 <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp., a total of 31 <i>Enterobacterales</i> growing on elective agar for <i>Enterobacterales</i> could be isolated and subjected to whole genome sequencing. <i>Enterobacter</i> spp. was the most frequently isolated genus, and AmpC-type beta-lactamases were the quantitatively dominating molecular resistance mechanism. In contrast, the <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub> gene, which has repeatedly been associated with 3GC-resistance in Madagascan <i>Enterobacterales</i> from humans, was detected in a single <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolate only. The identification of the fosfomycin-resistance gene <i>fosA</i> in a high proportion of isolates is concerning, as fosfomycin is increasingly used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In conclusion, the proof-of-principle assessment indicated a high colonization rate of resistant bacteria in stool droppings of Madagascan wild animals with a particular focus on 3GCR <i>Enterobacterales</i>. Future studies should confirm these preliminary results in a more systematic way and assess the molecular relationship of animal and human isolates to identify potential routes of transmission.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/5/741cephalosporin resistancefosfomycinepidemiologyfecesanimalsMadagascar |
| spellingShingle | Ulrich Schotte Julian Ehlers Johanna Nieter Raphaël Rakotozandrindrainy Silver A. Wolf Torsten Semmler Hagen Frickmann Sven Poppert Christa Ewers ESBL-Type and AmpC-Type Beta-Lactamases in Third Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> Isolated from Animal Feces in Madagascar Animals cephalosporin resistance fosfomycin epidemiology feces animals Madagascar |
| title | ESBL-Type and AmpC-Type Beta-Lactamases in Third Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> Isolated from Animal Feces in Madagascar |
| title_full | ESBL-Type and AmpC-Type Beta-Lactamases in Third Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> Isolated from Animal Feces in Madagascar |
| title_fullStr | ESBL-Type and AmpC-Type Beta-Lactamases in Third Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> Isolated from Animal Feces in Madagascar |
| title_full_unstemmed | ESBL-Type and AmpC-Type Beta-Lactamases in Third Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> Isolated from Animal Feces in Madagascar |
| title_short | ESBL-Type and AmpC-Type Beta-Lactamases in Third Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant <i>Enterobacterales</i> Isolated from Animal Feces in Madagascar |
| title_sort | esbl type and ampc type beta lactamases in third generation cephalosporin resistant i enterobacterales i isolated from animal feces in madagascar |
| topic | cephalosporin resistance fosfomycin epidemiology feces animals Madagascar |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/5/741 |
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