Regulation of KSHV Latency and Lytic Reactivation
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is associated with three malignancies— Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD). Central to the pathogenesis of these diseases is the KSHV viral life cycle, which is composed of a quiescent laten...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/9/1034 |
| _version_ | 1797553472399212544 |
|---|---|
| author | Grant Broussard Blossom Damania |
| author_facet | Grant Broussard Blossom Damania |
| author_sort | Grant Broussard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is associated with three malignancies— Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD). Central to the pathogenesis of these diseases is the KSHV viral life cycle, which is composed of a quiescent latent phase and a replicative lytic phase. While the establishment of latency enables persistent KSHV infection and evasion of the host immune system, lytic replication is essential for the dissemination of the virus between hosts and within the host itself. The transition between these phases, known as lytic reactivation, is controlled by a complex set of environmental, host, and viral factors. The effects of these various factors converge on the regulation of two KSHV proteins whose functions facilitate each phase of the viral life cycle—latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) and the master switch of KSHV reactivation, replication and transcription activator (RTA). This review presents the current understanding of how the transition between the phases of the KSHV life cycle is regulated, how the various phases contribute to KSHV pathogenesis, and how the viral life cycle can be exploited as a therapeutic target. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:15:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bdc3d8f1c39e4c528f87b23703ba798c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:15:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-bdc3d8f1c39e4c528f87b23703ba798c2023-11-20T14:03:18ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-09-01129103410.3390/v12091034Regulation of KSHV Latency and Lytic ReactivationGrant Broussard0Blossom Damania1Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USALineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USAKaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is associated with three malignancies— Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD). Central to the pathogenesis of these diseases is the KSHV viral life cycle, which is composed of a quiescent latent phase and a replicative lytic phase. While the establishment of latency enables persistent KSHV infection and evasion of the host immune system, lytic replication is essential for the dissemination of the virus between hosts and within the host itself. The transition between these phases, known as lytic reactivation, is controlled by a complex set of environmental, host, and viral factors. The effects of these various factors converge on the regulation of two KSHV proteins whose functions facilitate each phase of the viral life cycle—latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) and the master switch of KSHV reactivation, replication and transcription activator (RTA). This review presents the current understanding of how the transition between the phases of the KSHV life cycle is regulated, how the various phases contribute to KSHV pathogenesis, and how the viral life cycle can be exploited as a therapeutic target.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/9/1034Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)latencylytic cyclereactivationviral life cycle |
| spellingShingle | Grant Broussard Blossom Damania Regulation of KSHV Latency and Lytic Reactivation Viruses Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) latency lytic cycle reactivation viral life cycle |
| title | Regulation of KSHV Latency and Lytic Reactivation |
| title_full | Regulation of KSHV Latency and Lytic Reactivation |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of KSHV Latency and Lytic Reactivation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of KSHV Latency and Lytic Reactivation |
| title_short | Regulation of KSHV Latency and Lytic Reactivation |
| title_sort | regulation of kshv latency and lytic reactivation |
| topic | Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) latency lytic cycle reactivation viral life cycle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/9/1034 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT grantbroussard regulationofkshvlatencyandlyticreactivation AT blossomdamania regulationofkshvlatencyandlyticreactivation |