Ecological separation in foraging schedule and food type between pollinators of the California wildflower, <i>Clarkia xantiana</i> ssp. <i>xantiana</i>
The co-occurrence of several dimensions of resource separation between coexisting consumers strengthens the hypothesis that the separation arose from and/or ameliorates interspecific competition. The two most common pollinators of the California endemic plant Clarkia xantiana ssp. xantiana (Onagrace...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Enviroquest Ltd.
2010-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pollination Ecology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://pollinationecology.org/index.php/jpe/article/view/99 |
| _version_ | 1818965458200559616 |
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| author | Georgia Hart Vince Eckhart |
| author_facet | Georgia Hart Vince Eckhart |
| author_sort | Georgia Hart |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The co-occurrence of several dimensions of resource separation between coexisting consumers strengthens the hypothesis that the separation arose from and/or ameliorates interspecific competition. The two most common pollinators of the California endemic plant Clarkia xantiana ssp. xantiana (Onagraceae), the bees Hesperapis regularis (Mellitidae) and Lasioglossum pullilabre (Halictidae), are known to partition flower resources by flower colour. Here we asked whether H. regularis and L. pullilabre also partition flower resources by diurnal foraging schedule and by food type (pollen versus nectar). We also quantified diurnal patterns of nectar availability, expected to be related to foraging schedules and forager responses to flower colour. The diurnal schedules of the two species differed distinctly and significantly. The majority of L. pullilabre foraging visits occurred before midday, while the majority of H. regularis visits occurred afterwards. The two species foraged for alternative food types at significantly different frequencies—nectar and pollen approximately equally frequently for H. regularis, pollen almost exclusively for L. pullilabre. Nectar standing crop declined with time of day, but it did not clearly reflect or explain previously identified colour-morph preferences. The major pollinators of C. xantiana ssp. xantiana exhibit multiple forms of ecological separation that likely reduce the intensity of competition for floral resources. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T13:17:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bdca75e12c244bc0be2be870870228c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1920-7603 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T13:17:19Z |
| publishDate | 2010-11-01 |
| publisher | Enviroquest Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pollination Ecology |
| spelling | doaj.art-bdca75e12c244bc0be2be870870228c02022-12-21T19:39:30ZengEnviroquest Ltd.Journal of Pollination Ecology1920-76032010-11-01132010.26786/1920-7603(2010)27Ecological separation in foraging schedule and food type between pollinators of the California wildflower, <i>Clarkia xantiana</i> ssp. <i>xantiana</i>Georgia HartVince EckhartThe co-occurrence of several dimensions of resource separation between coexisting consumers strengthens the hypothesis that the separation arose from and/or ameliorates interspecific competition. The two most common pollinators of the California endemic plant Clarkia xantiana ssp. xantiana (Onagraceae), the bees Hesperapis regularis (Mellitidae) and Lasioglossum pullilabre (Halictidae), are known to partition flower resources by flower colour. Here we asked whether H. regularis and L. pullilabre also partition flower resources by diurnal foraging schedule and by food type (pollen versus nectar). We also quantified diurnal patterns of nectar availability, expected to be related to foraging schedules and forager responses to flower colour. The diurnal schedules of the two species differed distinctly and significantly. The majority of L. pullilabre foraging visits occurred before midday, while the majority of H. regularis visits occurred afterwards. The two species foraged for alternative food types at significantly different frequencies—nectar and pollen approximately equally frequently for H. regularis, pollen almost exclusively for L. pullilabre. Nectar standing crop declined with time of day, but it did not clearly reflect or explain previously identified colour-morph preferences. The major pollinators of C. xantiana ssp. xantiana exhibit multiple forms of ecological separation that likely reduce the intensity of competition for floral resources.https://pollinationecology.org/index.php/jpe/article/view/99pollinationresource partitioningcoexistenceforagingsolitary beesnectar |
| spellingShingle | Georgia Hart Vince Eckhart Ecological separation in foraging schedule and food type between pollinators of the California wildflower, <i>Clarkia xantiana</i> ssp. <i>xantiana</i> Journal of Pollination Ecology pollination resource partitioning coexistence foraging solitary bees nectar |
| title | Ecological separation in foraging schedule and food type between pollinators of the California wildflower, <i>Clarkia xantiana</i> ssp. <i>xantiana</i> |
| title_full | Ecological separation in foraging schedule and food type between pollinators of the California wildflower, <i>Clarkia xantiana</i> ssp. <i>xantiana</i> |
| title_fullStr | Ecological separation in foraging schedule and food type between pollinators of the California wildflower, <i>Clarkia xantiana</i> ssp. <i>xantiana</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecological separation in foraging schedule and food type between pollinators of the California wildflower, <i>Clarkia xantiana</i> ssp. <i>xantiana</i> |
| title_short | Ecological separation in foraging schedule and food type between pollinators of the California wildflower, <i>Clarkia xantiana</i> ssp. <i>xantiana</i> |
| title_sort | ecological separation in foraging schedule and food type between pollinators of the california wildflower i clarkia xantiana i ssp i xantiana i |
| topic | pollination resource partitioning coexistence foraging solitary bees nectar |
| url | https://pollinationecology.org/index.php/jpe/article/view/99 |
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