Recent Developments and Formulations for Hydrophobic Modification of Carrageenan Bionanocomposites
Versatility of the anionic algal polysaccharide carrageenan has long been discussed and explored, especially for their affinity towards water molecules. While this feature is advantageous in certain applications such as water remediation, wound healing, etc., the usefulness of this biopolymer is ext...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1650 |
| _version_ | 1797607217439965184 |
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| author | Rubie Mavelil-Sam Elizabeth Mariya Ouseph Marco Morreale Roberto Scaffaro Sabu Thomas |
| author_facet | Rubie Mavelil-Sam Elizabeth Mariya Ouseph Marco Morreale Roberto Scaffaro Sabu Thomas |
| author_sort | Rubie Mavelil-Sam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Versatility of the anionic algal polysaccharide carrageenan has long been discussed and explored, especially for their affinity towards water molecules. While this feature is advantageous in certain applications such as water remediation, wound healing, etc., the usefulness of this biopolymer is extremely limited when it comes to applications such as food packaging. Scientists around the globe are carrying out research works on venturing diverse methods to integrate hydrophobic nature into these polysaccharides without compromising their other functionalities. Considering these foregoing studies, this review is designed to have an in-depth understanding of diverse methods and techniques adopted for tuning the hydrophobic nature of carrageenan-based bionanocomposites, both via surface alterations or by changes made to their chemical structure and attached functional groups. This review article mainly focuses on how the hydrophobicity of carrageenan bionanocomposites varies as a function of the type and refinement of carrageenan, and with the incorporation of additives including plasticisers, nanofillers, bioactive agents, etc. Incorporation of nanofillers such as polysaccharide-based nanoparticles, nanoclays, bioceramic and mineral based nanoparticles, carbon dots and nanotubes, metal oxide nanoparticles, etc., along with their synergistic effects in hybrid bionanocomposites are also dealt with in this comprehensive review article. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bddc6da8f9c9410dbf7d8c6513ad67eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-bddc6da8f9c9410dbf7d8c6513ad67eb2023-11-17T17:25:29ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-03-01157165010.3390/polym15071650Recent Developments and Formulations for Hydrophobic Modification of Carrageenan BionanocompositesRubie Mavelil-Sam0Elizabeth Mariya Ouseph1Marco Morreale2Roberto Scaffaro3Sabu Thomas4School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 560, IndiaSchool of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 560, IndiaFaculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, ItalyDepartment of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, ItalySchool of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686 560, IndiaVersatility of the anionic algal polysaccharide carrageenan has long been discussed and explored, especially for their affinity towards water molecules. While this feature is advantageous in certain applications such as water remediation, wound healing, etc., the usefulness of this biopolymer is extremely limited when it comes to applications such as food packaging. Scientists around the globe are carrying out research works on venturing diverse methods to integrate hydrophobic nature into these polysaccharides without compromising their other functionalities. Considering these foregoing studies, this review is designed to have an in-depth understanding of diverse methods and techniques adopted for tuning the hydrophobic nature of carrageenan-based bionanocomposites, both via surface alterations or by changes made to their chemical structure and attached functional groups. This review article mainly focuses on how the hydrophobicity of carrageenan bionanocomposites varies as a function of the type and refinement of carrageenan, and with the incorporation of additives including plasticisers, nanofillers, bioactive agents, etc. Incorporation of nanofillers such as polysaccharide-based nanoparticles, nanoclays, bioceramic and mineral based nanoparticles, carbon dots and nanotubes, metal oxide nanoparticles, etc., along with their synergistic effects in hybrid bionanocomposites are also dealt with in this comprehensive review article.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1650carrageenanbionanocompositeshydrophobicitynanofillersbioactive agents |
| spellingShingle | Rubie Mavelil-Sam Elizabeth Mariya Ouseph Marco Morreale Roberto Scaffaro Sabu Thomas Recent Developments and Formulations for Hydrophobic Modification of Carrageenan Bionanocomposites Polymers carrageenan bionanocomposites hydrophobicity nanofillers bioactive agents |
| title | Recent Developments and Formulations for Hydrophobic Modification of Carrageenan Bionanocomposites |
| title_full | Recent Developments and Formulations for Hydrophobic Modification of Carrageenan Bionanocomposites |
| title_fullStr | Recent Developments and Formulations for Hydrophobic Modification of Carrageenan Bionanocomposites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Developments and Formulations for Hydrophobic Modification of Carrageenan Bionanocomposites |
| title_short | Recent Developments and Formulations for Hydrophobic Modification of Carrageenan Bionanocomposites |
| title_sort | recent developments and formulations for hydrophobic modification of carrageenan bionanocomposites |
| topic | carrageenan bionanocomposites hydrophobicity nanofillers bioactive agents |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1650 |
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