Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of Major Latex Protein Gene Family in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i>
Major latex proteins, or MLPs, are crucial to plants’ capacity to grow, develop, and endure biotic and abiotic stresses. The <i>MLP</i> gene family has been found in numerous plants, but little is known about its role in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i>. This study discovere...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/5/2748 |
| _version_ | 1797264466437472256 |
|---|---|
| author | Xin Sun Yao Li Yao Sun Qiong Wu Lei Wang |
| author_facet | Xin Sun Yao Li Yao Sun Qiong Wu Lei Wang |
| author_sort | Xin Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Major latex proteins, or MLPs, are crucial to plants’ capacity to grow, develop, and endure biotic and abiotic stresses. The <i>MLP</i> gene family has been found in numerous plants, but little is known about its role in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i>. This study discovered and assessed 43 <i>PtML</i>P genes that were unevenly dispersed throughout 12 chromosomes in terms of their physicochemical characteristics, gene structure, conserved motifs, and protein localization. Based on their phylogeny and protein structural characteristics, three separate subclasses of <i>PtMLP</i> family were identified. Segmental and tandem duplication were found to be essential variables in the expansion of the <i>PtMLP</i> genes. The involvement of the <i>PtMLP</i> genes in growth and development, as well as in the responses to different hormones and stresses, was demonstrated by <i>cis</i>-regulatory element prediction. The <i>PtMLP</i> genes showed varying expression patterns in various tissues and under different conditions (cold, salt, and drought stress), as demonstrated in RNA-Seq databases, suggesting that <i>PsnMLP</i> may have different functions. Following the further investigation of the genes demonstrating notable variations in expression before and after the application of three stresses, <i>PsnMLP5</i> was identified as a candidate gene. Subsequent studies revealed that <i>PsnMLP5</i> could be induced by ABA treatment. This study paves the way for further investigations into the <i>MLP</i> genes’ functional mechanisms in response to abiotic stressors, as well as the ways in which they can be utilized in poplar breeding for improved stress tolerance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:29:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bdfe9c2cd7274f2899c8763d8d32d68e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:29:21Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-bdfe9c2cd7274f2899c8763d8d32d68e2024-03-12T16:46:10ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-02-01255274810.3390/ijms25052748Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of Major Latex Protein Gene Family in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i>Xin Sun0Yao Li1Yao Sun2Qiong Wu3Lei Wang4Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, ChinaDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, ChinaDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, ChinaDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, ChinaDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150001, ChinaMajor latex proteins, or MLPs, are crucial to plants’ capacity to grow, develop, and endure biotic and abiotic stresses. The <i>MLP</i> gene family has been found in numerous plants, but little is known about its role in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i>. This study discovered and assessed 43 <i>PtML</i>P genes that were unevenly dispersed throughout 12 chromosomes in terms of their physicochemical characteristics, gene structure, conserved motifs, and protein localization. Based on their phylogeny and protein structural characteristics, three separate subclasses of <i>PtMLP</i> family were identified. Segmental and tandem duplication were found to be essential variables in the expansion of the <i>PtMLP</i> genes. The involvement of the <i>PtMLP</i> genes in growth and development, as well as in the responses to different hormones and stresses, was demonstrated by <i>cis</i>-regulatory element prediction. The <i>PtMLP</i> genes showed varying expression patterns in various tissues and under different conditions (cold, salt, and drought stress), as demonstrated in RNA-Seq databases, suggesting that <i>PsnMLP</i> may have different functions. Following the further investigation of the genes demonstrating notable variations in expression before and after the application of three stresses, <i>PsnMLP5</i> was identified as a candidate gene. Subsequent studies revealed that <i>PsnMLP5</i> could be induced by ABA treatment. This study paves the way for further investigations into the <i>MLP</i> genes’ functional mechanisms in response to abiotic stressors, as well as the ways in which they can be utilized in poplar breeding for improved stress tolerance.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/5/2748<i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i>major latex proteinabiotic stressgenome-wide identificationexpression profiles |
| spellingShingle | Xin Sun Yao Li Yao Sun Qiong Wu Lei Wang Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of Major Latex Protein Gene Family in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i> major latex protein abiotic stress genome-wide identification expression profiles |
| title | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of Major Latex Protein Gene Family in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i> |
| title_full | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of Major Latex Protein Gene Family in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i> |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of Major Latex Protein Gene Family in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of Major Latex Protein Gene Family in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i> |
| title_short | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analyses of Major Latex Protein Gene Family in <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i> |
| title_sort | genome wide characterization and expression analyses of major latex protein gene family in i populus simonii p nigra i |
| topic | <i>Populus simonii × P. nigra</i> major latex protein abiotic stress genome-wide identification expression profiles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/5/2748 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xinsun genomewidecharacterizationandexpressionanalysesofmajorlatexproteingenefamilyinipopulussimoniipnigrai AT yaoli genomewidecharacterizationandexpressionanalysesofmajorlatexproteingenefamilyinipopulussimoniipnigrai AT yaosun genomewidecharacterizationandexpressionanalysesofmajorlatexproteingenefamilyinipopulussimoniipnigrai AT qiongwu genomewidecharacterizationandexpressionanalysesofmajorlatexproteingenefamilyinipopulussimoniipnigrai AT leiwang genomewidecharacterizationandexpressionanalysesofmajorlatexproteingenefamilyinipopulussimoniipnigrai |