Functional hypogonadism in adolescence: an overlooked cause of secondary hypogonadism
Hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome resulting from failure to produce physiological concentrations of sex steroid hormones with accompanying symptoms, such as slowed growth and delayed pubertal maturation. Hypogonadism may arise from gonadal disease (primary hypogonadism), dysfunction of the hypotha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Bioscientifica
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Endocrine Connections |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/12/11/EC-23-0190.xml |
| _version_ | 1797666465390788608 |
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| author | Rebeca Esquivel-Zuniga Alan D Rogol |
| author_facet | Rebeca Esquivel-Zuniga Alan D Rogol |
| author_sort | Rebeca Esquivel-Zuniga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome resulting from failure to produce physiological concentrations of sex steroid hormones with accompanying symptoms, such as slowed growth and delayed pubertal maturation. Hypogonadism may arise from gonadal disease (primary hypogonadism), dysfunction of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis (secondary hypogonadism) or functional hypogonadism. Disrupted puberty (delayed or absent) leading to hypogonadism can have a significant impact on both the physical and psychosocial well-being of adolescents with lasting effects. The diagnosis of hypogonadism in teenagers can be challenging as the most common cause of delayed puberty in both sexes is self-limited, also known as constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP). Although an underlying congenital cause should always be considered in a teenager with hypogonadism, acquired conditions such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, other chronic diseases and medications have all been associated with low sex steroid hormone levels. In this review, we highlight some forms of functional hypogonadism in adolescents and the clinical challenges to differentiate normal variants from pathological states. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:59:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-be02aa70ff4b46a2ad0b5b71314792dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-3614 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:59:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Bioscientifica |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrine Connections |
| spelling | doaj.art-be02aa70ff4b46a2ad0b5b71314792dd2023-10-04T10:48:45ZengBioscientificaEndocrine Connections2049-36142023-10-011211112https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0190Functional hypogonadism in adolescence: an overlooked cause of secondary hypogonadismRebeca Esquivel-Zuniga0Alan D Rogol1Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USAHypogonadism is a clinical syndrome resulting from failure to produce physiological concentrations of sex steroid hormones with accompanying symptoms, such as slowed growth and delayed pubertal maturation. Hypogonadism may arise from gonadal disease (primary hypogonadism), dysfunction of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis (secondary hypogonadism) or functional hypogonadism. Disrupted puberty (delayed or absent) leading to hypogonadism can have a significant impact on both the physical and psychosocial well-being of adolescents with lasting effects. The diagnosis of hypogonadism in teenagers can be challenging as the most common cause of delayed puberty in both sexes is self-limited, also known as constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP). Although an underlying congenital cause should always be considered in a teenager with hypogonadism, acquired conditions such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, other chronic diseases and medications have all been associated with low sex steroid hormone levels. In this review, we highlight some forms of functional hypogonadism in adolescents and the clinical challenges to differentiate normal variants from pathological states.https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/12/11/EC-23-0190.xmlfunctional hypogonadotropic hypogonadismpubertydelayed pubertychronic illnesssex steroidsgrowth |
| spellingShingle | Rebeca Esquivel-Zuniga Alan D Rogol Functional hypogonadism in adolescence: an overlooked cause of secondary hypogonadism Endocrine Connections functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism puberty delayed puberty chronic illness sex steroids growth |
| title | Functional hypogonadism in adolescence: an overlooked cause of secondary hypogonadism |
| title_full | Functional hypogonadism in adolescence: an overlooked cause of secondary hypogonadism |
| title_fullStr | Functional hypogonadism in adolescence: an overlooked cause of secondary hypogonadism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Functional hypogonadism in adolescence: an overlooked cause of secondary hypogonadism |
| title_short | Functional hypogonadism in adolescence: an overlooked cause of secondary hypogonadism |
| title_sort | functional hypogonadism in adolescence an overlooked cause of secondary hypogonadism |
| topic | functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism puberty delayed puberty chronic illness sex steroids growth |
| url | https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/12/11/EC-23-0190.xml |
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