Are Wealthier Times Healthier in Cities? Economic Fluctuations and Mortality in Urban Areas of Latin America
Objective: To analyze the relationship between economic conditions and mortality in cities of Latin America.Methods: We analyzed data from 340 urban areas in ten countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and El Salvador. We used panel models adjusted...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ssph-journal.org/articles/10.3389/ijph.2021.1604318/full |
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| author | Carlos Marcelo Leveau Carlos Marcelo Leveau José A. Tapia Granados Maria Izabel Dos Santos Marianela Castillo-Riquelme Marcio Alazraqui |
| author_facet | Carlos Marcelo Leveau Carlos Marcelo Leveau José A. Tapia Granados Maria Izabel Dos Santos Marianela Castillo-Riquelme Marcio Alazraqui |
| author_sort | Carlos Marcelo Leveau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To analyze the relationship between economic conditions and mortality in cities of Latin America.Methods: We analyzed data from 340 urban areas in ten countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and El Salvador. We used panel models adjusted for space‐invariant and time‐invariant factors to examine whether changes in area gross domestic product (GDP) per capita were associated with changes in mortality.Results: We find procyclical oscillations in mortality (i.e., higher mortality with higher GDP per capita) for total mortality, female population, populations of 0–9 and 45+ years, mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, malignant neoplasms, diabetes mellitus, respiratory infections and road traffic injuries. Homicides appear countercyclical, with higher levels at lower GDP per capita.Conclusions: Our results reveal large heterogeneity, but in our sample of cities, for specific population groups and causes of death, mortality oscillates procyclically, increasing when GDP per capita increases. In contrast we find few instances of countercyclical mortality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:47:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-be154ce3c732428482e5790fd661a11f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-8564 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:47:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-be154ce3c732428482e5790fd661a11f2022-12-21T22:43:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.International Journal of Public Health1661-85642021-12-016610.3389/ijph.2021.16043181604318Are Wealthier Times Healthier in Cities? Economic Fluctuations and Mortality in Urban Areas of Latin AmericaCarlos Marcelo Leveau0Carlos Marcelo Leveau1José A. Tapia Granados2Maria Izabel Dos Santos3Marianela Castillo-Riquelme4Marcio Alazraqui5Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto de Producción, Economía y Trabajo (IPET), Universidad Nacional de Lanús, Remedios de Escalada, ArgentinaDepartment of Politics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesCentro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para a Saúde (CIDACS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador de Bahía, BrazilEscuela de Salud Pública, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, ChileInstituto de Salud Colectiva, Universidad Nacional de Lanús, Remedios de Escalada, ArgentinaObjective: To analyze the relationship between economic conditions and mortality in cities of Latin America.Methods: We analyzed data from 340 urban areas in ten countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and El Salvador. We used panel models adjusted for space‐invariant and time‐invariant factors to examine whether changes in area gross domestic product (GDP) per capita were associated with changes in mortality.Results: We find procyclical oscillations in mortality (i.e., higher mortality with higher GDP per capita) for total mortality, female population, populations of 0–9 and 45+ years, mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, malignant neoplasms, diabetes mellitus, respiratory infections and road traffic injuries. Homicides appear countercyclical, with higher levels at lower GDP per capita.Conclusions: Our results reveal large heterogeneity, but in our sample of cities, for specific population groups and causes of death, mortality oscillates procyclically, increasing when GDP per capita increases. In contrast we find few instances of countercyclical mortality.https://www.ssph-journal.org/articles/10.3389/ijph.2021.1604318/fullmortalityhealth economicseconomic recessioncitiesLatin America |
| spellingShingle | Carlos Marcelo Leveau Carlos Marcelo Leveau José A. Tapia Granados Maria Izabel Dos Santos Marianela Castillo-Riquelme Marcio Alazraqui Are Wealthier Times Healthier in Cities? Economic Fluctuations and Mortality in Urban Areas of Latin America International Journal of Public Health mortality health economics economic recession cities Latin America |
| title | Are Wealthier Times Healthier in Cities? Economic Fluctuations and Mortality in Urban Areas of Latin America |
| title_full | Are Wealthier Times Healthier in Cities? Economic Fluctuations and Mortality in Urban Areas of Latin America |
| title_fullStr | Are Wealthier Times Healthier in Cities? Economic Fluctuations and Mortality in Urban Areas of Latin America |
| title_full_unstemmed | Are Wealthier Times Healthier in Cities? Economic Fluctuations and Mortality in Urban Areas of Latin America |
| title_short | Are Wealthier Times Healthier in Cities? Economic Fluctuations and Mortality in Urban Areas of Latin America |
| title_sort | are wealthier times healthier in cities economic fluctuations and mortality in urban areas of latin america |
| topic | mortality health economics economic recession cities Latin America |
| url | https://www.ssph-journal.org/articles/10.3389/ijph.2021.1604318/full |
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