Aluminothermic production of titanium alloys (Part 2): Impact of activated rutile on process sustainability
The aluminothermic process provides a cost-reduced production method for titanium and titanium alloys by reduction of TiO2 with subsequent refining by electroslag remelting The aluminothermy involves high heating rates, high temperatures and short reactions times combined with a self-propagating beh...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Netherlands Press
2015-06-01
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| Series: | Metallurgical & Materials Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://metall-mater-eng.com/index.php/home/article/view/100 |
| _version_ | 1797964771450945536 |
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| author | S. Hassan-Pour C. Vonderstein M. Achimovičová V. Vogt E. Gock B. Friedrich |
| author_facet | S. Hassan-Pour C. Vonderstein M. Achimovičová V. Vogt E. Gock B. Friedrich |
| author_sort | S. Hassan-Pour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aluminothermic process provides a cost-reduced production method for titanium and titanium alloys by reduction of TiO2 with subsequent refining by electroslag remelting The aluminothermy involves high heating rates, high temperatures and short reactions times combined with a self-propagating behaviour of the reaction. By co-reduction of TiO2 and oxides of alloying elements such as vanadium pentoxide, direct synthesis of a titanium alloy is possible. The use of rutile ore concentrates causes a further reduction of process steps. In order to charge rutile ore complex thermodynamic calculations are required taking enthalpy input of various bycomponents into account. The aluminothermic reduction is conventionally enhanced by a highly heatproviding reaction based on the reduction of KClO4. In order to minimize the use of chlorine-based products extensive studies are made to investigate the feasibility of using mechanically activated rutile as input material for the aluminothermic process. Due to the mechanical activation the intrinsic enthalpy of the reaction is increased thus facilitates a process with reduced amount of KClO4. A major challenge represents the determination of a compromise between low activation duration and reduced KClO4 amount. In order to define the process window parameters like intrinsic chemical energy (enthalpy of the reaction mixture), equilibrium temperature and physical properties (particle size and mixing degree) were optimized. After adjusting the process parameters it is possible to save up to 42 % KClO4 for the ATR reaction with 2h activated input material. This reduction of KClO4 material affects a decrease of the produced gaseous compounds and the subsequent off-gas cleaning system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:50:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-be3bfc97237c483a963575bd762482f9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2217-8961 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:50:13Z |
| publishDate | 2015-06-01 |
| publisher | The Netherlands Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metallurgical & Materials Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-be3bfc97237c483a963575bd762482f92023-01-03T06:58:48ZengThe Netherlands PressMetallurgical & Materials Engineering2217-89612015-06-0121210111497Aluminothermic production of titanium alloys (Part 2): Impact of activated rutile on process sustainabilityS. Hassan-PourC. VondersteinM. AchimovičováV. VogtE. GockB. FriedrichThe aluminothermic process provides a cost-reduced production method for titanium and titanium alloys by reduction of TiO2 with subsequent refining by electroslag remelting The aluminothermy involves high heating rates, high temperatures and short reactions times combined with a self-propagating behaviour of the reaction. By co-reduction of TiO2 and oxides of alloying elements such as vanadium pentoxide, direct synthesis of a titanium alloy is possible. The use of rutile ore concentrates causes a further reduction of process steps. In order to charge rutile ore complex thermodynamic calculations are required taking enthalpy input of various bycomponents into account. The aluminothermic reduction is conventionally enhanced by a highly heatproviding reaction based on the reduction of KClO4. In order to minimize the use of chlorine-based products extensive studies are made to investigate the feasibility of using mechanically activated rutile as input material for the aluminothermic process. Due to the mechanical activation the intrinsic enthalpy of the reaction is increased thus facilitates a process with reduced amount of KClO4. A major challenge represents the determination of a compromise between low activation duration and reduced KClO4 amount. In order to define the process window parameters like intrinsic chemical energy (enthalpy of the reaction mixture), equilibrium temperature and physical properties (particle size and mixing degree) were optimized. After adjusting the process parameters it is possible to save up to 42 % KClO4 for the ATR reaction with 2h activated input material. This reduction of KClO4 material affects a decrease of the produced gaseous compounds and the subsequent off-gas cleaning system.http://metall-mater-eng.com/index.php/home/article/view/100aluminothermic reductionilmenitemechanical activationtitanium alloys |
| spellingShingle | S. Hassan-Pour C. Vonderstein M. Achimovičová V. Vogt E. Gock B. Friedrich Aluminothermic production of titanium alloys (Part 2): Impact of activated rutile on process sustainability Metallurgical & Materials Engineering aluminothermic reduction ilmenite mechanical activation titanium alloys |
| title | Aluminothermic production of titanium alloys (Part 2): Impact of activated rutile on process sustainability |
| title_full | Aluminothermic production of titanium alloys (Part 2): Impact of activated rutile on process sustainability |
| title_fullStr | Aluminothermic production of titanium alloys (Part 2): Impact of activated rutile on process sustainability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aluminothermic production of titanium alloys (Part 2): Impact of activated rutile on process sustainability |
| title_short | Aluminothermic production of titanium alloys (Part 2): Impact of activated rutile on process sustainability |
| title_sort | aluminothermic production of titanium alloys part 2 impact of activated rutile on process sustainability |
| topic | aluminothermic reduction ilmenite mechanical activation titanium alloys |
| url | http://metall-mater-eng.com/index.php/home/article/view/100 |
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