Quantifying Intra-Catchment Streamflow Processes and Response to Climate Change within a Climatic Transitional Zone: A Case Study of Buffalo Catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa
The complexity of streamflow processes inhibits significant information about catchment performance and its sensitivity to climate change. Little is known about the severity of climate change within the coastal area of the monsoon–subtropical zone of climatic transition. This study advances a quasi-...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Mathematics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/16/3003 |
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| author | Solomon Temidayo Owolabi Johanes A. Belle Sonwabo Mazinyo |
| author_facet | Solomon Temidayo Owolabi Johanes A. Belle Sonwabo Mazinyo |
| author_sort | Solomon Temidayo Owolabi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The complexity of streamflow processes inhibits significant information about catchment performance and its sensitivity to climate change. Little is known about the severity of climate change within the coastal area of the monsoon–subtropical zone of climatic transition. This study advances a quasi-local scale analysis to simplify daily streamflow dynamics and their relationship with monthly hydro-climatic series (1981–2020) using six gauging stations on the Buffalo River due to its socio-economic significance. An integrated framework based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT), wavelet coherence (WC), innovative trend analysis (ITA), Mann–Kendall (MK), Sequential Mann–Kendall, and Pettitt tests were employed. CWT showed huge declivity in daily streamflow intensity (7676 to 719), >100 mm/day streamflow frequency (15 to 0), and wetness spell time-gap. WC obtained significant streamflow–rainfall co-movement of 8–196-month periodicities, which characterized Buffalo as anti-phase (1–4-month), lag-lead (8–32-month), and in-phase (64–196-month) in processes. The Buffalo River’s sensitivity to significantly decreasing rainfall trends and increasing temperature trends depicts Streamflow–ENSO teleconnection. Contrarily, ITA and MK exhibited significantly increasing trends of tributaries’ low flow and inferred the perennial status of the catchment. The Pettitt test corroborates the deductions and asserts 1990 (temperature), 1996 (streamflow), and 2004/2013 (rainfall) as the abrupt change points, while SMK captured a critical streamflow slump in 2015–2020. Overall, the study proved the reductionist approach and model framework to achieve the hydrological process simplification and resolution of hotspots of hydrologic extremes within a bimodal climate with complex topography. This study remarks on the management policy of the BR and provides a reference for managing water resources and catchment hydro-climatic extremes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:08:01Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:08:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematics |
| spelling | doaj.art-be42fdc354cd488b8eb85895eb0f8f8c2023-12-03T14:03:52ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902022-08-011016300310.3390/math10163003Quantifying Intra-Catchment Streamflow Processes and Response to Climate Change within a Climatic Transitional Zone: A Case Study of Buffalo Catchment, Eastern Cape, South AfricaSolomon Temidayo Owolabi0Johanes A. Belle1Sonwabo Mazinyo2Disaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa (DiMTEC), University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaDisaster Management Training and Education Centre for Africa (DiMTEC), University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaDepartment of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South AfricaThe complexity of streamflow processes inhibits significant information about catchment performance and its sensitivity to climate change. Little is known about the severity of climate change within the coastal area of the monsoon–subtropical zone of climatic transition. This study advances a quasi-local scale analysis to simplify daily streamflow dynamics and their relationship with monthly hydro-climatic series (1981–2020) using six gauging stations on the Buffalo River due to its socio-economic significance. An integrated framework based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT), wavelet coherence (WC), innovative trend analysis (ITA), Mann–Kendall (MK), Sequential Mann–Kendall, and Pettitt tests were employed. CWT showed huge declivity in daily streamflow intensity (7676 to 719), >100 mm/day streamflow frequency (15 to 0), and wetness spell time-gap. WC obtained significant streamflow–rainfall co-movement of 8–196-month periodicities, which characterized Buffalo as anti-phase (1–4-month), lag-lead (8–32-month), and in-phase (64–196-month) in processes. The Buffalo River’s sensitivity to significantly decreasing rainfall trends and increasing temperature trends depicts Streamflow–ENSO teleconnection. Contrarily, ITA and MK exhibited significantly increasing trends of tributaries’ low flow and inferred the perennial status of the catchment. The Pettitt test corroborates the deductions and asserts 1990 (temperature), 1996 (streamflow), and 2004/2013 (rainfall) as the abrupt change points, while SMK captured a critical streamflow slump in 2015–2020. Overall, the study proved the reductionist approach and model framework to achieve the hydrological process simplification and resolution of hotspots of hydrologic extremes within a bimodal climate with complex topography. This study remarks on the management policy of the BR and provides a reference for managing water resources and catchment hydro-climatic extremes.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/16/3003hydrologic extremeperiodicitywavelet analysistrend analysisSouth Africa |
| spellingShingle | Solomon Temidayo Owolabi Johanes A. Belle Sonwabo Mazinyo Quantifying Intra-Catchment Streamflow Processes and Response to Climate Change within a Climatic Transitional Zone: A Case Study of Buffalo Catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa Mathematics hydrologic extreme periodicity wavelet analysis trend analysis South Africa |
| title | Quantifying Intra-Catchment Streamflow Processes and Response to Climate Change within a Climatic Transitional Zone: A Case Study of Buffalo Catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa |
| title_full | Quantifying Intra-Catchment Streamflow Processes and Response to Climate Change within a Climatic Transitional Zone: A Case Study of Buffalo Catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Quantifying Intra-Catchment Streamflow Processes and Response to Climate Change within a Climatic Transitional Zone: A Case Study of Buffalo Catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantifying Intra-Catchment Streamflow Processes and Response to Climate Change within a Climatic Transitional Zone: A Case Study of Buffalo Catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa |
| title_short | Quantifying Intra-Catchment Streamflow Processes and Response to Climate Change within a Climatic Transitional Zone: A Case Study of Buffalo Catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa |
| title_sort | quantifying intra catchment streamflow processes and response to climate change within a climatic transitional zone a case study of buffalo catchment eastern cape south africa |
| topic | hydrologic extreme periodicity wavelet analysis trend analysis South Africa |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/16/3003 |
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