A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan
Abstract Background Approximately 10 million people in Pakistan are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Most patients develop chronic hepatitis, with rare cases of spontaneous clearance. However, little is known about multidrug resistant viral variants in Pakistan. Findings This case study de...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40249-018-0386-7 |
| _version_ | 1818241934042333184 |
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| author | Asad Zia Muhammad Ali Hafsa Aziz Muhammad Zia Zabta Khan Shinwari Abida Raza |
| author_facet | Asad Zia Muhammad Ali Hafsa Aziz Muhammad Zia Zabta Khan Shinwari Abida Raza |
| author_sort | Asad Zia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Approximately 10 million people in Pakistan are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Most patients develop chronic hepatitis, with rare cases of spontaneous clearance. However, little is known about multidrug resistant viral variants in Pakistan. Findings This case study describes a 47-year-old male diagnosed with chronic HCV genotype 3a infection in 2003. After an initial diagnosis of viral infection, the patient remained treatment naïve for 5 years. He received two therapy cycles of interferon (IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) in 2007 and 2010, however, he was non-responsive to the therapy. The patient then received an additional two treatment cycles of pegylated IFN α-2b plus RBV (in 2011 and 2013); he was still non-responsive. In 2016, the patient underwent sofosbuvir plus RBV combination therapy, however, the sustained virological response was still not achieved. The host genetic factor was found to be heterozygous guanine and thymine (GT) and cytosine and thymine (CT) genotypes of rs8099917 and rs12979860 polymorphism of IL28B, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the resistant variant belong to an out-group and may require triple therapy. Conclusions This is the first case that reports on a HCV-infected individual who was a non-responder to multiple IFN therapies in Pakistan. Further studies are needed to understand multidrug-resistant HCV variants in the Pakistani population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:37:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-be4ae30f264a45ab9b9929ea38e11b82 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-9957 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:37:13Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
| spelling | doaj.art-be4ae30f264a45ab9b9929ea38e11b822022-12-22T00:22:55ZengBMCInfectious Diseases of Poverty2049-99572018-02-01711610.1186/s40249-018-0386-7A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in PakistanAsad Zia0Muhammad Ali1Hafsa Aziz2Muhammad Zia3Zabta Khan Shinwari4Abida Raza5Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University IslamabadDepartment of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University IslamabadNuclear Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute (NORI)Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University IslamabadDepartment of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University IslamabadNational Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Nanomedicine Research LabsAbstract Background Approximately 10 million people in Pakistan are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Most patients develop chronic hepatitis, with rare cases of spontaneous clearance. However, little is known about multidrug resistant viral variants in Pakistan. Findings This case study describes a 47-year-old male diagnosed with chronic HCV genotype 3a infection in 2003. After an initial diagnosis of viral infection, the patient remained treatment naïve for 5 years. He received two therapy cycles of interferon (IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) in 2007 and 2010, however, he was non-responsive to the therapy. The patient then received an additional two treatment cycles of pegylated IFN α-2b plus RBV (in 2011 and 2013); he was still non-responsive. In 2016, the patient underwent sofosbuvir plus RBV combination therapy, however, the sustained virological response was still not achieved. The host genetic factor was found to be heterozygous guanine and thymine (GT) and cytosine and thymine (CT) genotypes of rs8099917 and rs12979860 polymorphism of IL28B, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the resistant variant belong to an out-group and may require triple therapy. Conclusions This is the first case that reports on a HCV-infected individual who was a non-responder to multiple IFN therapies in Pakistan. Further studies are needed to understand multidrug-resistant HCV variants in the Pakistani population.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40249-018-0386-7 |
| spellingShingle | Asad Zia Muhammad Ali Hafsa Aziz Muhammad Zia Zabta Khan Shinwari Abida Raza A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
| title | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
| title_full | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
| title_short | A case of a patient infected with a hepatitis C virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in Pakistan |
| title_sort | case of a patient infected with a hepatitis c virus genotype 3a multidrug resistant variant in pakistan |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40249-018-0386-7 |
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