Evaluation of Two Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Used in Transcaucasian Countries by Small-Scale Immunogenicity Studies Conducted in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia
In countries endemic for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), routine or emergency vaccinations are strategic tools to control the infection. According to the WOAH/FAO guidelines, a prior estimation of vaccine effectiveness is recommendable to optimize control programs. This study reports the results of a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/3/295 |
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| author | Efrem Alessandro Foglia Tengiz Chaligava Tamilla Aliyeva Satenik Kharatyan Vito Tranquillo Carsten Pötzsch Cornelis van Maanen Fabrizio Rosso Santina Grazioli Emiliana Brocchi |
| author_facet | Efrem Alessandro Foglia Tengiz Chaligava Tamilla Aliyeva Satenik Kharatyan Vito Tranquillo Carsten Pötzsch Cornelis van Maanen Fabrizio Rosso Santina Grazioli Emiliana Brocchi |
| author_sort | Efrem Alessandro Foglia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In countries endemic for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), routine or emergency vaccinations are strategic tools to control the infection. According to the WOAH/FAO guidelines, a prior estimation of vaccine effectiveness is recommendable to optimize control programs. This study reports the results of a small-scale immunogenicity study performed in Transcaucasian Countries. Polyvalent vaccines, including FMDV serotypes O, A (two topotypes) and Asia1 from two different manufacturers, were evaluated in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia. Naïve large and small ruminants were vaccinated once and a subgroup received a second booster dose. The titers of neutralizing antibodies in sera collected sequentially up to 180 DPV were determined through the Virus Neutralization Test versus homologous strains. This study led to the estimate that both the vaccines evaluated will not induce a protective and long-lasting population immunity, even after a second vaccination, stressing that consecutive administrations of both vaccines every three months are mandatory if one aspires to achieve protective herd immunity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:46:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-be52f630d73e4bccb9b923bac27b52a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:46:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-be52f630d73e4bccb9b923bac27b52a22024-03-27T14:07:04ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2024-03-0112329510.3390/vaccines12030295Evaluation of Two Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Used in Transcaucasian Countries by Small-Scale Immunogenicity Studies Conducted in Georgia, Azerbaijan and ArmeniaEfrem Alessandro Foglia0Tengiz Chaligava1Tamilla Aliyeva2Satenik Kharatyan3Vito Tranquillo4Carsten Pötzsch5Cornelis van Maanen6Fabrizio Rosso7Santina Grazioli8Emiliana Brocchi9Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyEuropean Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), FAO, 00100 Rome, ItalyEuropean Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), FAO, 00100 Rome, ItalyEuropean Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), FAO, 00100 Rome, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyEuropean Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), FAO, 00100 Rome, ItalyEuropean Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), FAO, 00100 Rome, ItalyEuropean Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), FAO, 00100 Rome, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 25124 Brescia, ItalyIn countries endemic for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), routine or emergency vaccinations are strategic tools to control the infection. According to the WOAH/FAO guidelines, a prior estimation of vaccine effectiveness is recommendable to optimize control programs. This study reports the results of a small-scale immunogenicity study performed in Transcaucasian Countries. Polyvalent vaccines, including FMDV serotypes O, A (two topotypes) and Asia1 from two different manufacturers, were evaluated in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia. Naïve large and small ruminants were vaccinated once and a subgroup received a second booster dose. The titers of neutralizing antibodies in sera collected sequentially up to 180 DPV were determined through the Virus Neutralization Test versus homologous strains. This study led to the estimate that both the vaccines evaluated will not induce a protective and long-lasting population immunity, even after a second vaccination, stressing that consecutive administrations of both vaccines every three months are mandatory if one aspires to achieve protective herd immunity.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/3/295foot-and-mouth diseasesmall-scale immunogenicity studyvaccination campaignvaccine effectiveness assessment |
| spellingShingle | Efrem Alessandro Foglia Tengiz Chaligava Tamilla Aliyeva Satenik Kharatyan Vito Tranquillo Carsten Pötzsch Cornelis van Maanen Fabrizio Rosso Santina Grazioli Emiliana Brocchi Evaluation of Two Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Used in Transcaucasian Countries by Small-Scale Immunogenicity Studies Conducted in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia Vaccines foot-and-mouth disease small-scale immunogenicity study vaccination campaign vaccine effectiveness assessment |
| title | Evaluation of Two Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Used in Transcaucasian Countries by Small-Scale Immunogenicity Studies Conducted in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia |
| title_full | Evaluation of Two Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Used in Transcaucasian Countries by Small-Scale Immunogenicity Studies Conducted in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Two Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Used in Transcaucasian Countries by Small-Scale Immunogenicity Studies Conducted in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Two Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Used in Transcaucasian Countries by Small-Scale Immunogenicity Studies Conducted in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia |
| title_short | Evaluation of Two Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Used in Transcaucasian Countries by Small-Scale Immunogenicity Studies Conducted in Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia |
| title_sort | evaluation of two vaccines against foot and mouth disease used in transcaucasian countries by small scale immunogenicity studies conducted in georgia azerbaijan and armenia |
| topic | foot-and-mouth disease small-scale immunogenicity study vaccination campaign vaccine effectiveness assessment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/3/295 |
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