Common Plant-Derived Terpenoids Present Increased Anti-Biofilm Potential against <i>Staphylococcus</i> Bacteria Compared to a Quaternary Ammonium Biocide
The antimicrobial actions of three common plant-derived terpenoids (i.e., carvacrol, thymol and eugenol) were compared to those of a typical quaternary ammonium biocide (i.e., benzalkonium chloride; BAC), against both planktonic and biofilm cells of two widespread <i>Staphylococcus</i> s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/6/697 |
| _version_ | 1827715880408055808 |
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| author | Dimitra Kostoglou Ioannis Protopappas Efstathios Giaouris |
| author_facet | Dimitra Kostoglou Ioannis Protopappas Efstathios Giaouris |
| author_sort | Dimitra Kostoglou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The antimicrobial actions of three common plant-derived terpenoids (i.e., carvacrol, thymol and eugenol) were compared to those of a typical quaternary ammonium biocide (i.e., benzalkonium chloride; BAC), against both planktonic and biofilm cells of two widespread <i>Staphylococcus</i> species (i.e., <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>S. epidermidis</i>). The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MICs, MBCs) of each compound against the planktonic cells of each species were initially determined, together with their minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs). Various concentrations of each compound were subsequently applied, for 6 min, against each type of cell, and survivors were enumerated by agar plating to calculate log reductions and determine the resistance coefficients (Rc) for each compound, as anti-biofilm effectiveness indicators. Sessile communities were always more resistant than planktonic ones, depending on the biocide and species. Although lower BAC concentrations were always needed to kill a specified population of either cell type compared to the terpenoids, for the latter, the required increases in their concentrations, to be equally effective against the biofilm cells with respect to the planktonic ones, were not as intense as those observed in the case of BAC, presenting thus significantly lower Rc. This indicates their significant anti-biofilm potential and advocate for their further promising use as anti-biofilm agents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:28:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-be5a91f19ce949dbbe76014c55b275f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:28:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-be5a91f19ce949dbbe76014c55b275f82023-11-20T02:25:04ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582020-06-019669710.3390/foods9060697Common Plant-Derived Terpenoids Present Increased Anti-Biofilm Potential against <i>Staphylococcus</i> Bacteria Compared to a Quaternary Ammonium BiocideDimitra Kostoglou0Ioannis Protopappas1Efstathios Giaouris2Laboratory of Biology, Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, GR-81 400 Myrina, Lemnos, GreeceLaboratory of Biology, Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, GR-81 400 Myrina, Lemnos, GreeceLaboratory of Biology, Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, GR-81 400 Myrina, Lemnos, GreeceThe antimicrobial actions of three common plant-derived terpenoids (i.e., carvacrol, thymol and eugenol) were compared to those of a typical quaternary ammonium biocide (i.e., benzalkonium chloride; BAC), against both planktonic and biofilm cells of two widespread <i>Staphylococcus</i> species (i.e., <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>S. epidermidis</i>). The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MICs, MBCs) of each compound against the planktonic cells of each species were initially determined, together with their minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs). Various concentrations of each compound were subsequently applied, for 6 min, against each type of cell, and survivors were enumerated by agar plating to calculate log reductions and determine the resistance coefficients (Rc) for each compound, as anti-biofilm effectiveness indicators. Sessile communities were always more resistant than planktonic ones, depending on the biocide and species. Although lower BAC concentrations were always needed to kill a specified population of either cell type compared to the terpenoids, for the latter, the required increases in their concentrations, to be equally effective against the biofilm cells with respect to the planktonic ones, were not as intense as those observed in the case of BAC, presenting thus significantly lower Rc. This indicates their significant anti-biofilm potential and advocate for their further promising use as anti-biofilm agents.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/6/697<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i><i>S. epidermidis</i>carvacrolthymoleugenolbenzalkonium chloride |
| spellingShingle | Dimitra Kostoglou Ioannis Protopappas Efstathios Giaouris Common Plant-Derived Terpenoids Present Increased Anti-Biofilm Potential against <i>Staphylococcus</i> Bacteria Compared to a Quaternary Ammonium Biocide Foods <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> <i>S. epidermidis</i> carvacrol thymol eugenol benzalkonium chloride |
| title | Common Plant-Derived Terpenoids Present Increased Anti-Biofilm Potential against <i>Staphylococcus</i> Bacteria Compared to a Quaternary Ammonium Biocide |
| title_full | Common Plant-Derived Terpenoids Present Increased Anti-Biofilm Potential against <i>Staphylococcus</i> Bacteria Compared to a Quaternary Ammonium Biocide |
| title_fullStr | Common Plant-Derived Terpenoids Present Increased Anti-Biofilm Potential against <i>Staphylococcus</i> Bacteria Compared to a Quaternary Ammonium Biocide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Common Plant-Derived Terpenoids Present Increased Anti-Biofilm Potential against <i>Staphylococcus</i> Bacteria Compared to a Quaternary Ammonium Biocide |
| title_short | Common Plant-Derived Terpenoids Present Increased Anti-Biofilm Potential against <i>Staphylococcus</i> Bacteria Compared to a Quaternary Ammonium Biocide |
| title_sort | common plant derived terpenoids present increased anti biofilm potential against i staphylococcus i bacteria compared to a quaternary ammonium biocide |
| topic | <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> <i>S. epidermidis</i> carvacrol thymol eugenol benzalkonium chloride |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/6/697 |
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