An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised People: A Report of the Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI)—An ISHAM Working Group
This overview of reviews (i.e., an umbrella review) is designed to reappraise the validity of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses related to the performance of <i>Aspergillus</i> PCR tests for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. The methodologica...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/10/967 |
| _version_ | 1797573324141756416 |
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| author | Mario Cruciani P. Lewis White Rosemary A. Barnes Juergen Loeffler J. Peter Donnelly Thomas R. Rogers Werner J. Heinz Adilia Warris Charles Oliver Morton Martina Lengerova Lena Klingspor Boualem Sendid Deborah E. A. Lockhart |
| author_facet | Mario Cruciani P. Lewis White Rosemary A. Barnes Juergen Loeffler J. Peter Donnelly Thomas R. Rogers Werner J. Heinz Adilia Warris Charles Oliver Morton Martina Lengerova Lena Klingspor Boualem Sendid Deborah E. A. Lockhart |
| author_sort | Mario Cruciani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This overview of reviews (i.e., an umbrella review) is designed to reappraise the validity of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses related to the performance of <i>Aspergillus</i> PCR tests for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. The methodological quality of the SRs was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 checklist; the quality of the evidence (QOE) within each SR was appraised following the GRADE approach. Eight out of 12 SRs were evaluated for qualitative and quantitative assessment. Five SRs evaluated <i>Aspergillus</i> PCR on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and three on blood specimens. The eight SRs included 167 overlapping reports (59 evaluating PCR in blood specimens, and 108 in BAL), based on 107 individual primary studies (98 trials with a cohort design, and 19 with a case−control design). In BAL specimens, the mean sensitivity and specificity ranged from 0.57 to 0.91, and from 0.92 to 0.97, respectively (QOE: very low to low). In blood specimens (whole blood or serum), the mean sensitivity ranged from 0.57 to 0.84, and the mean specificity from 0.58 to 0.95 (QOE: low to moderate). Across studies, only a low proportion of AMSTAR-2 critical domains were unmet (1.8%), demonstrating a high quality of methodological assessment. Conclusions. Based on the overall methodological assessment of the reviews included, on average we can have high confidence in the quality of results generated by the SRs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:08:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-be635a4718ef4bc9a77c968c907ab0ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:08:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-be635a4718ef4bc9a77c968c907ab0ee2023-11-19T17:00:21ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2023-09-0191096710.3390/jof9100967An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised People: A Report of the Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI)—An ISHAM Working GroupMario Cruciani0P. Lewis White1Rosemary A. Barnes2Juergen Loeffler3J. Peter Donnelly4Thomas R. Rogers5Werner J. Heinz6Adilia Warris7Charles Oliver Morton8Martina Lengerova9Lena Klingspor10Boualem Sendid11Deborah E. A. Lockhart12Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI), 37100 Verona, ItalyPublic Health Wales, Microbiology Cardiff, UK and Centre for Trials Research, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UKSchool of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UKDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, GermanyEuropean Aspergillus PCR Initiative, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsDiscipline of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’s Hospital Campus, LS9 7TF Dublin, IrelandMedicine Clinic II, Caritas Hospital Bad Mergentheim, 97980 Bad Mergentheim, GermanyMRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ, UKSchool of Science, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Campbelltown, NSW 2751, AustraliaCentral European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, SwedenInserm U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, UGSF, CHU Lille, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, FranceInstitute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UKThis overview of reviews (i.e., an umbrella review) is designed to reappraise the validity of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses related to the performance of <i>Aspergillus</i> PCR tests for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. The methodological quality of the SRs was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 checklist; the quality of the evidence (QOE) within each SR was appraised following the GRADE approach. Eight out of 12 SRs were evaluated for qualitative and quantitative assessment. Five SRs evaluated <i>Aspergillus</i> PCR on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and three on blood specimens. The eight SRs included 167 overlapping reports (59 evaluating PCR in blood specimens, and 108 in BAL), based on 107 individual primary studies (98 trials with a cohort design, and 19 with a case−control design). In BAL specimens, the mean sensitivity and specificity ranged from 0.57 to 0.91, and from 0.92 to 0.97, respectively (QOE: very low to low). In blood specimens (whole blood or serum), the mean sensitivity ranged from 0.57 to 0.84, and the mean specificity from 0.58 to 0.95 (QOE: low to moderate). Across studies, only a low proportion of AMSTAR-2 critical domains were unmet (1.8%), demonstrating a high quality of methodological assessment. Conclusions. Based on the overall methodological assessment of the reviews included, on average we can have high confidence in the quality of results generated by the SRs.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/10/967systematic reviewmeta-analysisumbrella review<i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>invasive aspergillosisdiagnosis |
| spellingShingle | Mario Cruciani P. Lewis White Rosemary A. Barnes Juergen Loeffler J. Peter Donnelly Thomas R. Rogers Werner J. Heinz Adilia Warris Charles Oliver Morton Martina Lengerova Lena Klingspor Boualem Sendid Deborah E. A. Lockhart An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised People: A Report of the Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI)—An ISHAM Working Group Journal of Fungi systematic review meta-analysis umbrella review <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> invasive aspergillosis diagnosis |
| title | An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised People: A Report of the Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI)—An ISHAM Working Group |
| title_full | An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised People: A Report of the Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI)—An ISHAM Working Group |
| title_fullStr | An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised People: A Report of the Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI)—An ISHAM Working Group |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised People: A Report of the Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI)—An ISHAM Working Group |
| title_short | An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis in Immunocompromised People: A Report of the Fungal PCR Initiative (FPCRI)—An ISHAM Working Group |
| title_sort | overview of systematic reviews of polymerase chain reaction pcr for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised people a report of the fungal pcr initiative fpcri an isham working group |
| topic | systematic review meta-analysis umbrella review <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> invasive aspergillosis diagnosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/10/967 |
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