A review on exosomes application in clinical trials: perspective, questions, and challenges
Abstract Background Exosomes are progressively known as significant mediators of cell-to-cell communication. They convey active biomolecules to target cells and have vital functions in several physiological and pathological processes, and show substantial promise as novel treatment strategies for di...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Cell Communication and Signaling |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-022-00959-4 |
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| author | Jafar Rezaie Maryam Feghhi Tahereh Etemadi |
| author_facet | Jafar Rezaie Maryam Feghhi Tahereh Etemadi |
| author_sort | Jafar Rezaie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Exosomes are progressively known as significant mediators of cell-to-cell communication. They convey active biomolecules to target cells and have vital functions in several physiological and pathological processes, and show substantial promise as novel treatment strategies for diseases. Methods In this review study, we studied numerous articles over the past two decades published on application of exosomes in different diseases as well as on perspective and challenges in this field. Results The main clinical application of exosomes are using them as a biomarker, cell-free therapeutic agents, drug delivery carriers, basic analysis for exosome kinetics, and cancer vaccine. Different exosomes from human or plant sources are utilized in various clinical trials. Most researchers used exosomes from the circulatory system for biomarker experiments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are two widely held cell sources for exosome use. MSCs-derived exosomes are commonly used for inflammation treatment and drug delivery, while DCs-exosomes are used to induce inflammation response in cancer patients. However, the clinical application of exosomes faces various questions and challenges. In addition, translation of exosome-based clinical trials is required to conform to specific good manufacturing practices (GMP). In this review, we summarize exosomes in the clinical trials according to the type of application and disease. We also address the main questions and challenges regarding exosome kinetics and clinical applications. Conclusions Exosomes are promising platforms for treatment of many diseases in clinical trials. This exciting field is developing hastily, understanding of the underlying mechanisms that direct the various observed roles of exosomes remains far from complete and needs further multidisciplinary research in working with these small vesicles. Video Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:13:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-be69a219ab01465b9cebdd6b89d881ef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1478-811X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:13:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cell Communication and Signaling |
| spelling | doaj.art-be69a219ab01465b9cebdd6b89d881ef2022-12-22T03:18:12ZengBMCCell Communication and Signaling1478-811X2022-09-0120111310.1186/s12964-022-00959-4A review on exosomes application in clinical trials: perspective, questions, and challengesJafar Rezaie0Maryam Feghhi1Tahereh Etemadi2Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical SciencesInstitute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State UniversityDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak UniversityAbstract Background Exosomes are progressively known as significant mediators of cell-to-cell communication. They convey active biomolecules to target cells and have vital functions in several physiological and pathological processes, and show substantial promise as novel treatment strategies for diseases. Methods In this review study, we studied numerous articles over the past two decades published on application of exosomes in different diseases as well as on perspective and challenges in this field. Results The main clinical application of exosomes are using them as a biomarker, cell-free therapeutic agents, drug delivery carriers, basic analysis for exosome kinetics, and cancer vaccine. Different exosomes from human or plant sources are utilized in various clinical trials. Most researchers used exosomes from the circulatory system for biomarker experiments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are two widely held cell sources for exosome use. MSCs-derived exosomes are commonly used for inflammation treatment and drug delivery, while DCs-exosomes are used to induce inflammation response in cancer patients. However, the clinical application of exosomes faces various questions and challenges. In addition, translation of exosome-based clinical trials is required to conform to specific good manufacturing practices (GMP). In this review, we summarize exosomes in the clinical trials according to the type of application and disease. We also address the main questions and challenges regarding exosome kinetics and clinical applications. Conclusions Exosomes are promising platforms for treatment of many diseases in clinical trials. This exciting field is developing hastily, understanding of the underlying mechanisms that direct the various observed roles of exosomes remains far from complete and needs further multidisciplinary research in working with these small vesicles. Video Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-022-00959-4ExosomesExtracellular vesiclesClinical trialsExosome therapy |
| spellingShingle | Jafar Rezaie Maryam Feghhi Tahereh Etemadi A review on exosomes application in clinical trials: perspective, questions, and challenges Cell Communication and Signaling Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Clinical trials Exosome therapy |
| title | A review on exosomes application in clinical trials: perspective, questions, and challenges |
| title_full | A review on exosomes application in clinical trials: perspective, questions, and challenges |
| title_fullStr | A review on exosomes application in clinical trials: perspective, questions, and challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | A review on exosomes application in clinical trials: perspective, questions, and challenges |
| title_short | A review on exosomes application in clinical trials: perspective, questions, and challenges |
| title_sort | review on exosomes application in clinical trials perspective questions and challenges |
| topic | Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Clinical trials Exosome therapy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-022-00959-4 |
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