Effects of Ce-Modified TiN Inclusions on the Fatigue Properties of Gear Steel 20CrMnTi
In this paper, the results of a study on the influences of different morphologies, types, and sizes of inclusions on the fatigue lives of 20CrMnTi are reported. The results show that the addition of the rare earth element Ce can lead to the formation of spherical CeAlO<sub>3</sub>-TiN in...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/7/1071 |
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| author | Jian Wang Jun Peng Fang Zhang Yujie Li Xin Zhang Shengli An |
| author_facet | Jian Wang Jun Peng Fang Zhang Yujie Li Xin Zhang Shengli An |
| author_sort | Jian Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, the results of a study on the influences of different morphologies, types, and sizes of inclusions on the fatigue lives of 20CrMnTi are reported. The results show that the addition of the rare earth element Ce can lead to the formation of spherical CeAlO<sub>3</sub>-TiN inclusions in 20CrMnTi. The fatigue performance of 20CrMnTi-Ce was significantly improved compared to that of 20CrMnTi. Using the “edge-to-edge matching” crystallographic theory, CeAlO<sub>3</sub> was validated as a suitable hetero-nucleus core for TiN, and the following best orientation relationships between them were determined: [010]TiN//[2<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover><mover accent="true"><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>1] CeAlO<sub>3</sub>&(002) TiN//<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>11</mn><mover accent="true"><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The fatigue cycle times of 20CrMnTi-Ce range up to 10<sup>7</sup>, and this value is higher than that of 20CrMnTi without Ce. As the size of the TiN inclusions increases, the maximum stress of the steel matrix also increases. Also, the high-stress and low-life regions noticeably increase, thus increasing the possibility of a fatigue fracture. Under the same sizes of inclusions, the high-stress and low-life regions of square TiN are larger than those of circular TiN. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:11:02Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-be8fd5170948424eb1c12bf35f45e1d82023-11-18T18:54:02ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522023-07-01137107110.3390/cryst13071071Effects of Ce-Modified TiN Inclusions on the Fatigue Properties of Gear Steel 20CrMnTiJian Wang0Jun Peng1Fang Zhang2Yujie Li3Xin Zhang4Shengli An5School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, ChinaSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, ChinaSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, ChinaSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, ChinaSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, ChinaSchool of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, ChinaIn this paper, the results of a study on the influences of different morphologies, types, and sizes of inclusions on the fatigue lives of 20CrMnTi are reported. The results show that the addition of the rare earth element Ce can lead to the formation of spherical CeAlO<sub>3</sub>-TiN inclusions in 20CrMnTi. The fatigue performance of 20CrMnTi-Ce was significantly improved compared to that of 20CrMnTi. Using the “edge-to-edge matching” crystallographic theory, CeAlO<sub>3</sub> was validated as a suitable hetero-nucleus core for TiN, and the following best orientation relationships between them were determined: [010]TiN//[2<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover><mover accent="true"><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>1] CeAlO<sub>3</sub>&(002) TiN//<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>11</mn><mover accent="true"><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The fatigue cycle times of 20CrMnTi-Ce range up to 10<sup>7</sup>, and this value is higher than that of 20CrMnTi without Ce. As the size of the TiN inclusions increases, the maximum stress of the steel matrix also increases. Also, the high-stress and low-life regions noticeably increase, thus increasing the possibility of a fatigue fracture. Under the same sizes of inclusions, the high-stress and low-life regions of square TiN are larger than those of circular TiN.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/7/1071gear steelhigh cycle fatiguecrystallographyfinite element analysis |
| spellingShingle | Jian Wang Jun Peng Fang Zhang Yujie Li Xin Zhang Shengli An Effects of Ce-Modified TiN Inclusions on the Fatigue Properties of Gear Steel 20CrMnTi Crystals gear steel high cycle fatigue crystallography finite element analysis |
| title | Effects of Ce-Modified TiN Inclusions on the Fatigue Properties of Gear Steel 20CrMnTi |
| title_full | Effects of Ce-Modified TiN Inclusions on the Fatigue Properties of Gear Steel 20CrMnTi |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Ce-Modified TiN Inclusions on the Fatigue Properties of Gear Steel 20CrMnTi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Ce-Modified TiN Inclusions on the Fatigue Properties of Gear Steel 20CrMnTi |
| title_short | Effects of Ce-Modified TiN Inclusions on the Fatigue Properties of Gear Steel 20CrMnTi |
| title_sort | effects of ce modified tin inclusions on the fatigue properties of gear steel 20crmnti |
| topic | gear steel high cycle fatigue crystallography finite element analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/7/1071 |
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