Reliability and factorial validity of the cross-media self-presence questionnaire (CM-SPQ)
The aim of this study was to develop the Cross-Media Self-Presence Questionnaire (CM-SPQ) for assessing self-presence in a broader range of digital contexts in comparison to the Self-Presence Questionnaire (SPQ) and to subsequently examine its reliability and factorial validity. The SPQ was introduc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Computers in Human Behavior Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451958824000034 |
| _version_ | 1797287594257547264 |
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| author | Valērijs Dombrovskis Jeļena Ļevina Aleksejs Ruža |
| author_facet | Valērijs Dombrovskis Jeļena Ļevina Aleksejs Ruža |
| author_sort | Valērijs Dombrovskis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to develop the Cross-Media Self-Presence Questionnaire (CM-SPQ) for assessing self-presence in a broader range of digital contexts in comparison to the Self-Presence Questionnaire (SPQ) and to subsequently examine its reliability and factorial validity. The SPQ was introduced in 2009 (Ratan & Hasler, 2009) and later examined and developed by Ratan and co-authors (Rattan, 2010, 2011; Ratan & Hasler, 2010; Ratan & Sah, 2014; Ratan & Dawson, 2016). The CM-SPQ was crafted in this study, tailored to measure self-presence in diverse digital environments. Reliability and factorial validity of the CM-SPQ were assessed using data from Latvian active Internet users (n = 227), aged from 13 to 65 years old (M = 26.6, SD = 8.4). An exploratory principal-axis factor analysis with an oblique rotation was employed to evaluate its factorial validity. Three factors emerged from the analysis, interpreted as (1) Body-level self-presence (F1: the experience of physical presence and embodiment), (2) Identity-level self-presence (F2: the subjective experience of the self-emerging from an individual's digital interactions and the way they are perceived by others), and (3) Emotion-level self-presence (F3: the affective responses individuals have during digital interactions). The three distinct factors displayed high internal consistency, and the composite measures of each self-presence level were interrelated. The CM-SPQ, a novel instrument, aligns with psychometric standards, facilitating research on self-presence across various digital environments among individuals with digital identities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T18:36:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-be9deb67426a450986cd8526cb2829ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2451-9588 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T18:36:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Computers in Human Behavior Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-be9deb67426a450986cd8526cb2829ce2024-03-02T04:54:32ZengElsevierComputers in Human Behavior Reports2451-95882024-03-0113100370Reliability and factorial validity of the cross-media self-presence questionnaire (CM-SPQ)Valērijs Dombrovskis0Jeļena Ļevina1Aleksejs Ruža2Business Department, RISEBA University of Applied Sciences, 3 Meža Street, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia; Corresponding author.Latvian Prison Administration, Stabu Street, Riga, LV-1009, LatviaPsychology Department, Daugavpils University, Vienības Street 13, Daugavpils, LV-5400, LatviaThe aim of this study was to develop the Cross-Media Self-Presence Questionnaire (CM-SPQ) for assessing self-presence in a broader range of digital contexts in comparison to the Self-Presence Questionnaire (SPQ) and to subsequently examine its reliability and factorial validity. The SPQ was introduced in 2009 (Ratan & Hasler, 2009) and later examined and developed by Ratan and co-authors (Rattan, 2010, 2011; Ratan & Hasler, 2010; Ratan & Sah, 2014; Ratan & Dawson, 2016). The CM-SPQ was crafted in this study, tailored to measure self-presence in diverse digital environments. Reliability and factorial validity of the CM-SPQ were assessed using data from Latvian active Internet users (n = 227), aged from 13 to 65 years old (M = 26.6, SD = 8.4). An exploratory principal-axis factor analysis with an oblique rotation was employed to evaluate its factorial validity. Three factors emerged from the analysis, interpreted as (1) Body-level self-presence (F1: the experience of physical presence and embodiment), (2) Identity-level self-presence (F2: the subjective experience of the self-emerging from an individual's digital interactions and the way they are perceived by others), and (3) Emotion-level self-presence (F3: the affective responses individuals have during digital interactions). The three distinct factors displayed high internal consistency, and the composite measures of each self-presence level were interrelated. The CM-SPQ, a novel instrument, aligns with psychometric standards, facilitating research on self-presence across various digital environments among individuals with digital identities.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451958824000034Self-presenceBody-level self-presenceEmotion level self-presenceIdentity-level self-presenceReliabilityFactorial validity |
| spellingShingle | Valērijs Dombrovskis Jeļena Ļevina Aleksejs Ruža Reliability and factorial validity of the cross-media self-presence questionnaire (CM-SPQ) Computers in Human Behavior Reports Self-presence Body-level self-presence Emotion level self-presence Identity-level self-presence Reliability Factorial validity |
| title | Reliability and factorial validity of the cross-media self-presence questionnaire (CM-SPQ) |
| title_full | Reliability and factorial validity of the cross-media self-presence questionnaire (CM-SPQ) |
| title_fullStr | Reliability and factorial validity of the cross-media self-presence questionnaire (CM-SPQ) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reliability and factorial validity of the cross-media self-presence questionnaire (CM-SPQ) |
| title_short | Reliability and factorial validity of the cross-media self-presence questionnaire (CM-SPQ) |
| title_sort | reliability and factorial validity of the cross media self presence questionnaire cm spq |
| topic | Self-presence Body-level self-presence Emotion level self-presence Identity-level self-presence Reliability Factorial validity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451958824000034 |
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