Overview and Challenges of Large-Scale Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria
Microalgae and cyanobacteria are diverse groups of organisms with great potential to benefit societies across the world. These organisms are currently used in food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In addition, a variety of novel compounds are being isolated. Commercial production of ph...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-08-01
|
| Series: | Marine Drugs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/21/8/445 |
| _version_ | 1797584056126275584 |
|---|---|
| author | Lucie Novoveská Søren Laurentius Nielsen Orhan Tufan Eroldoğan Berat Zeki Haznedaroglu Baruch Rinkevich Stefano Fazi Johan Robbens Marlen Vasquez Hjörleifur Einarsson |
| author_facet | Lucie Novoveská Søren Laurentius Nielsen Orhan Tufan Eroldoğan Berat Zeki Haznedaroglu Baruch Rinkevich Stefano Fazi Johan Robbens Marlen Vasquez Hjörleifur Einarsson |
| author_sort | Lucie Novoveská |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microalgae and cyanobacteria are diverse groups of organisms with great potential to benefit societies across the world. These organisms are currently used in food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In addition, a variety of novel compounds are being isolated. Commercial production of photosynthetic microalgae and cyanobacteria requires cultivation on a large scale with high throughput. However, scaling up production from lab-based systems to large-scale systems is a complex and potentially costly endeavor. In this review, we summarise all aspects of large-scale cultivation, including aims of cultivation, species selection, types of cultivation (ponds, photobioreactors, and biofilms), water and nutrient sources, temperature, light and mixing, monitoring, contamination, harvesting strategies, and potential environmental risks. Importantly, we also present practical recommendations and discuss challenges of profitable large-scale systems associated with economical design, effective operation and maintenance, automation, and shortage of experienced phycologists. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:46:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-beaa324f913c42b78023111330db5a61 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:46:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-beaa324f913c42b78023111330db5a612023-11-19T01:58:10ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972023-08-0121844510.3390/md21080445Overview and Challenges of Large-Scale Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microalgae and CyanobacteriaLucie Novoveská0Søren Laurentius Nielsen1Orhan Tufan Eroldoğan2Berat Zeki Haznedaroglu3Baruch Rinkevich4Stefano Fazi5Johan Robbens6Marlen Vasquez7Hjörleifur Einarsson8ScotBio Ltd., Livingston EH54 5FD, UKOcean Institute, 1201 Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, TürkiyeInstitute of Environmental Sciences, Bogazici University, 34342 Istanbul, TürkiyeNational Institute of Oceanography, Haifa 31080, IsraelWater Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), 00015 Roma, ItalyFlanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 9820 Merelbeke, BelgiumDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, CyprusFaculty of Natural Resource Sciences, University of Akureyri, 600 Akureyri, IcelandMicroalgae and cyanobacteria are diverse groups of organisms with great potential to benefit societies across the world. These organisms are currently used in food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In addition, a variety of novel compounds are being isolated. Commercial production of photosynthetic microalgae and cyanobacteria requires cultivation on a large scale with high throughput. However, scaling up production from lab-based systems to large-scale systems is a complex and potentially costly endeavor. In this review, we summarise all aspects of large-scale cultivation, including aims of cultivation, species selection, types of cultivation (ponds, photobioreactors, and biofilms), water and nutrient sources, temperature, light and mixing, monitoring, contamination, harvesting strategies, and potential environmental risks. Importantly, we also present practical recommendations and discuss challenges of profitable large-scale systems associated with economical design, effective operation and maintenance, automation, and shortage of experienced phycologists.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/21/8/445large-scale cultivationmicroalgae cultivationcyanobacteria cultivationscale-up |
| spellingShingle | Lucie Novoveská Søren Laurentius Nielsen Orhan Tufan Eroldoğan Berat Zeki Haznedaroglu Baruch Rinkevich Stefano Fazi Johan Robbens Marlen Vasquez Hjörleifur Einarsson Overview and Challenges of Large-Scale Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Marine Drugs large-scale cultivation microalgae cultivation cyanobacteria cultivation scale-up |
| title | Overview and Challenges of Large-Scale Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria |
| title_full | Overview and Challenges of Large-Scale Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria |
| title_fullStr | Overview and Challenges of Large-Scale Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Overview and Challenges of Large-Scale Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria |
| title_short | Overview and Challenges of Large-Scale Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria |
| title_sort | overview and challenges of large scale cultivation of photosynthetic microalgae and cyanobacteria |
| topic | large-scale cultivation microalgae cultivation cyanobacteria cultivation scale-up |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/21/8/445 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lucienovoveska overviewandchallengesoflargescalecultivationofphotosyntheticmicroalgaeandcyanobacteria AT sørenlaurentiusnielsen overviewandchallengesoflargescalecultivationofphotosyntheticmicroalgaeandcyanobacteria AT orhantufaneroldogan overviewandchallengesoflargescalecultivationofphotosyntheticmicroalgaeandcyanobacteria AT beratzekihaznedaroglu overviewandchallengesoflargescalecultivationofphotosyntheticmicroalgaeandcyanobacteria AT baruchrinkevich overviewandchallengesoflargescalecultivationofphotosyntheticmicroalgaeandcyanobacteria AT stefanofazi overviewandchallengesoflargescalecultivationofphotosyntheticmicroalgaeandcyanobacteria AT johanrobbens overviewandchallengesoflargescalecultivationofphotosyntheticmicroalgaeandcyanobacteria AT marlenvasquez overviewandchallengesoflargescalecultivationofphotosyntheticmicroalgaeandcyanobacteria AT hjorleifureinarsson overviewandchallengesoflargescalecultivationofphotosyntheticmicroalgaeandcyanobacteria |