Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Hypertension? Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Increasing Blood Pressure
Arterial hypertension is a chronic disease which is very prevalent contemporarily. The aim of this review was to investigate the impact of gut microbiota on the development and potential treatment of hypertension, taking into consideration underlying molecular mechanisms. The bacteria present in the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/1377 |
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| author | Julita Tokarek Emilian Budny Maciej Saar Joanna Kućmierz Ewelina Młynarska Jacek Rysz Beata Franczyk |
| author_facet | Julita Tokarek Emilian Budny Maciej Saar Joanna Kućmierz Ewelina Młynarska Jacek Rysz Beata Franczyk |
| author_sort | Julita Tokarek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arterial hypertension is a chronic disease which is very prevalent contemporarily. The aim of this review was to investigate the impact of gut microbiota on the development and potential treatment of hypertension, taking into consideration underlying molecular mechanisms. The bacteria present in the intestines have the ability to secrete different metabolites, which might play a significant role in the regulation of blood pressure. The most important include short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), vasoactive hormones, trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS). Their action in regulating blood pressure is mainly based on their pro- or anti-inflammatory function. The use of specifically formulated probiotics to modify the composition of gut microbiota might be a beneficial way of supportive treatment of hypertension; however, further research on this topic is needed to choose the species of bacteria that could induce the hypotensive pattern. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:22:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-beb1e5ceed7d4f01a48c431a36950c7d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:22:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-beb1e5ceed7d4f01a48c431a36950c7d2023-11-30T22:39:29ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-01-01242137710.3390/ijms24021377Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Hypertension? Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Increasing Blood PressureJulita Tokarek0Emilian Budny1Maciej Saar2Joanna Kućmierz3Ewelina Młynarska4Jacek Rysz5Beata Franczyk6Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, PolandArterial hypertension is a chronic disease which is very prevalent contemporarily. The aim of this review was to investigate the impact of gut microbiota on the development and potential treatment of hypertension, taking into consideration underlying molecular mechanisms. The bacteria present in the intestines have the ability to secrete different metabolites, which might play a significant role in the regulation of blood pressure. The most important include short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), vasoactive hormones, trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS). Their action in regulating blood pressure is mainly based on their pro- or anti-inflammatory function. The use of specifically formulated probiotics to modify the composition of gut microbiota might be a beneficial way of supportive treatment of hypertension; however, further research on this topic is needed to choose the species of bacteria that could induce the hypotensive pattern.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/1377gut microbiotamicrobiomehypertensionincreased blood pressureprobiotics |
| spellingShingle | Julita Tokarek Emilian Budny Maciej Saar Joanna Kućmierz Ewelina Młynarska Jacek Rysz Beata Franczyk Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Hypertension? Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Increasing Blood Pressure International Journal of Molecular Sciences gut microbiota microbiome hypertension increased blood pressure probiotics |
| title | Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Hypertension? Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Increasing Blood Pressure |
| title_full | Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Hypertension? Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Increasing Blood Pressure |
| title_fullStr | Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Hypertension? Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Increasing Blood Pressure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Hypertension? Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Increasing Blood Pressure |
| title_short | Does the Composition of Gut Microbiota Affect Hypertension? Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Increasing Blood Pressure |
| title_sort | does the composition of gut microbiota affect hypertension molecular mechanisms involved in increasing blood pressure |
| topic | gut microbiota microbiome hypertension increased blood pressure probiotics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/1377 |
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