Vitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome
Abstract Background Pregnant women are at increased susceptibility to vitamin D deficiency. Hence, there is continuing interest in determining how vitamin D influences pregnancy health. We aimed to compare vitamin D status in two distinct populations of pregnant women in Australia and New Zealand an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12884-018-1887-x |
| _version_ | 1818290513045880832 |
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| author | Rebecca L. Wilson Alison J. Leviton Shalem Y. Leemaqz Paul H. Anderson Jessica A. Grieger Luke E. Grzeskowiak Petra E. Verburg Lesley McCowan Gustaaf A. Dekker Tina Bianco-Miotto Claire T. Roberts |
| author_facet | Rebecca L. Wilson Alison J. Leviton Shalem Y. Leemaqz Paul H. Anderson Jessica A. Grieger Luke E. Grzeskowiak Petra E. Verburg Lesley McCowan Gustaaf A. Dekker Tina Bianco-Miotto Claire T. Roberts |
| author_sort | Rebecca L. Wilson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Pregnant women are at increased susceptibility to vitamin D deficiency. Hence, there is continuing interest in determining how vitamin D influences pregnancy health. We aimed to compare vitamin D status in two distinct populations of pregnant women in Australia and New Zealand and to investigate the relationship between vitamin D status and pregnancy outcome. This included evaluating possible effect measure modifications according to fetal sex. Methods Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured at 15 ± 1 weeks’ gestation in 2800 women from Adelaide and Auckland who participated in the multi-centre, prospective cohort SCreening fOr Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) study. Results Mean serum 25(OH)D in all women was 68.1 ± 27.1 nmol/L and 28% (n = 772) were considered vitamin D deficient (< 50 nmol/L). Serum 25(OH)D was lower in the women recruited in Adelaide when compared to the women recruited in Auckland and remained lower after adjusting for covariates including maternal body mass index and socioeconomic index (Adelaide: 58.4 ± 50.3 vs. Auckland: 70.2 ± 54.5 nmol/L, P < 0.001). A 53% decreased risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was observed with high (> 81 nmol/L) “standardised” vitamin D status when compared to moderate-high (63–81 nmol/L, aRR, 0.47; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.96). Marginal sex-specific differences occurred between vitamin D status and GDM: women carrying a female fetus had a 56% decreased risk for GDM in those with low-moderate levels of standardised vitamin D (44–63 nmol/L) compared to moderate-high levels (aRR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.97), whilst in women carrying a male fetus, a 55% decreased risk of GDM was found with high standardised vitamin D when compared to moderately-high vitamin D, but this was not statistically significant (aRR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.38). Conclusions High serum 25(OH)D at 15 ± 1 weeks’ gestation was shown to be protective against the development of GDM. A possible association between fetal sex, vitamin D status and GDM provides further questions and encourages continual research and discussion into the role of vitamin D in pregnancy, particularly in vitamin D replete populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T02:29:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-becd883c884f4e3cac238295ef3aaa49 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2393 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T02:29:22Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
| spelling | doaj.art-becd883c884f4e3cac238295ef3aaa492022-12-22T00:02:33ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932018-06-0118111010.1186/s12884-018-1887-xVitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcomeRebecca L. Wilson0Alison J. Leviton1Shalem Y. Leemaqz2Paul H. Anderson3Jessica A. Grieger4Luke E. Grzeskowiak5Petra E. Verburg6Lesley McCowan7Gustaaf A. Dekker8Tina Bianco-Miotto9Claire T. Roberts10Robinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideRobinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideRobinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideSchool of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaRobinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideRobinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideRobinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of AucklandRobinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideRobinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideRobinson Research Institute, University of AdelaideAbstract Background Pregnant women are at increased susceptibility to vitamin D deficiency. Hence, there is continuing interest in determining how vitamin D influences pregnancy health. We aimed to compare vitamin D status in two distinct populations of pregnant women in Australia and New Zealand and to investigate the relationship between vitamin D status and pregnancy outcome. This included evaluating possible effect measure modifications according to fetal sex. Methods Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured at 15 ± 1 weeks’ gestation in 2800 women from Adelaide and Auckland who participated in the multi-centre, prospective cohort SCreening fOr Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) study. Results Mean serum 25(OH)D in all women was 68.1 ± 27.1 nmol/L and 28% (n = 772) were considered vitamin D deficient (< 50 nmol/L). Serum 25(OH)D was lower in the women recruited in Adelaide when compared to the women recruited in Auckland and remained lower after adjusting for covariates including maternal body mass index and socioeconomic index (Adelaide: 58.4 ± 50.3 vs. Auckland: 70.2 ± 54.5 nmol/L, P < 0.001). A 53% decreased risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was observed with high (> 81 nmol/L) “standardised” vitamin D status when compared to moderate-high (63–81 nmol/L, aRR, 0.47; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.96). Marginal sex-specific differences occurred between vitamin D status and GDM: women carrying a female fetus had a 56% decreased risk for GDM in those with low-moderate levels of standardised vitamin D (44–63 nmol/L) compared to moderate-high levels (aRR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.97), whilst in women carrying a male fetus, a 55% decreased risk of GDM was found with high standardised vitamin D when compared to moderately-high vitamin D, but this was not statistically significant (aRR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.15, 1.38). Conclusions High serum 25(OH)D at 15 ± 1 weeks’ gestation was shown to be protective against the development of GDM. A possible association between fetal sex, vitamin D status and GDM provides further questions and encourages continual research and discussion into the role of vitamin D in pregnancy, particularly in vitamin D replete populations.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12884-018-1887-xVitamin DPregnancyPregnancy outcomeGestational diabetes mellitusFetal sex |
| spellingShingle | Rebecca L. Wilson Alison J. Leviton Shalem Y. Leemaqz Paul H. Anderson Jessica A. Grieger Luke E. Grzeskowiak Petra E. Verburg Lesley McCowan Gustaaf A. Dekker Tina Bianco-Miotto Claire T. Roberts Vitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Vitamin D Pregnancy Pregnancy outcome Gestational diabetes mellitus Fetal sex |
| title | Vitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome |
| title_full | Vitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome |
| title_fullStr | Vitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome |
| title_short | Vitamin D levels in an Australian and New Zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome |
| title_sort | vitamin d levels in an australian and new zealand cohort and the association with pregnancy outcome |
| topic | Vitamin D Pregnancy Pregnancy outcome Gestational diabetes mellitus Fetal sex |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12884-018-1887-x |
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