Insight into microRNAs-Mediated Communication between Liver and Brain: A Possible Approach for Understanding Acute Liver Failure?
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening consequence of hepatic function rapid loss without preexisting liver disease. ALF may result in a spectrum of neuropsychiatric symptoms that encompasses cognitive impairment, coma, and often death, collectively defined as acute hepatic encephalopathy....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/1/224 |
| _version_ | 1797498904655167488 |
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| author | Karolina Orzeł-Gajowik Krzysztof Milewski Magdalena Zielińska |
| author_facet | Karolina Orzeł-Gajowik Krzysztof Milewski Magdalena Zielińska |
| author_sort | Karolina Orzeł-Gajowik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening consequence of hepatic function rapid loss without preexisting liver disease. ALF may result in a spectrum of neuropsychiatric symptoms that encompasses cognitive impairment, coma, and often death, collectively defined as acute hepatic encephalopathy. Micro RNAs are small non-coding RNAs that modulate gene expression and are extensively verified as biomarker candidates in various diseases. Our systematic literature review based on the last decade’s reports involving a total of 852 ALF patients, determined 205 altered circulating miRNAs, of which 25 miRNAs were altered in the blood, regardless of study design and methodology. Selected 25 miRNAs, emerging predominantly from the analyses of samples obtained from acetaminophen overdosed patients, represent the most promising biomarker candidates for a diagnostic panel for symptomatic ALF. We discussed the role of selected miRNAs in the context of tissue-specific origin and its possible regulatory role for molecular pathways involved in blood–brain barrier function. The defined several common pathways for 15 differently altered miRNAs were relevant to cellular community processes, indicating loss of intercellular, structural, and functional components, which may result in blood-brain barrier impairment and brain dysfunction. However, a causational relationship between circulating miRNAs differential expression, and particular clinical features of ALF, has to be demonstrated in a further study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:39:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bed104472fd44a94bdae9bed567f9041 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:39:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-bed104472fd44a94bdae9bed567f90412023-11-23T11:36:40ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-12-0123122410.3390/ijms23010224Insight into microRNAs-Mediated Communication between Liver and Brain: A Possible Approach for Understanding Acute Liver Failure?Karolina Orzeł-Gajowik0Krzysztof Milewski1Magdalena Zielińska2Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, PolandAcute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening consequence of hepatic function rapid loss without preexisting liver disease. ALF may result in a spectrum of neuropsychiatric symptoms that encompasses cognitive impairment, coma, and often death, collectively defined as acute hepatic encephalopathy. Micro RNAs are small non-coding RNAs that modulate gene expression and are extensively verified as biomarker candidates in various diseases. Our systematic literature review based on the last decade’s reports involving a total of 852 ALF patients, determined 205 altered circulating miRNAs, of which 25 miRNAs were altered in the blood, regardless of study design and methodology. Selected 25 miRNAs, emerging predominantly from the analyses of samples obtained from acetaminophen overdosed patients, represent the most promising biomarker candidates for a diagnostic panel for symptomatic ALF. We discussed the role of selected miRNAs in the context of tissue-specific origin and its possible regulatory role for molecular pathways involved in blood–brain barrier function. The defined several common pathways for 15 differently altered miRNAs were relevant to cellular community processes, indicating loss of intercellular, structural, and functional components, which may result in blood-brain barrier impairment and brain dysfunction. However, a causational relationship between circulating miRNAs differential expression, and particular clinical features of ALF, has to be demonstrated in a further study.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/1/224acute liver failureacetaminophen toxicitycirculating microRNAhepatic encephalopathyviral hepatitis |
| spellingShingle | Karolina Orzeł-Gajowik Krzysztof Milewski Magdalena Zielińska Insight into microRNAs-Mediated Communication between Liver and Brain: A Possible Approach for Understanding Acute Liver Failure? International Journal of Molecular Sciences acute liver failure acetaminophen toxicity circulating microRNA hepatic encephalopathy viral hepatitis |
| title | Insight into microRNAs-Mediated Communication between Liver and Brain: A Possible Approach for Understanding Acute Liver Failure? |
| title_full | Insight into microRNAs-Mediated Communication between Liver and Brain: A Possible Approach for Understanding Acute Liver Failure? |
| title_fullStr | Insight into microRNAs-Mediated Communication between Liver and Brain: A Possible Approach for Understanding Acute Liver Failure? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insight into microRNAs-Mediated Communication between Liver and Brain: A Possible Approach for Understanding Acute Liver Failure? |
| title_short | Insight into microRNAs-Mediated Communication between Liver and Brain: A Possible Approach for Understanding Acute Liver Failure? |
| title_sort | insight into micrornas mediated communication between liver and brain a possible approach for understanding acute liver failure |
| topic | acute liver failure acetaminophen toxicity circulating microRNA hepatic encephalopathy viral hepatitis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/1/224 |
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