Quantitative Non-Linear Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Chloride Threshold Value for Steel Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete under Extreme Boundary Conditions
This paper investigates the effect of high ambient temperatures on the chloride threshold value for reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Two commonly available carbon steel rebars were investigated under four different exposure temperatures (20 °C (68 °F), 35 °C (95 °F), 50 °C (122 °F), and 65 °C (1...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/24/7595 |
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| author | Abdulrahman M. Alhozaimy Mshtaq Ahmed Raja Rizwan Hussain Abdulaziz Al-Negheimish |
| author_facet | Abdulrahman M. Alhozaimy Mshtaq Ahmed Raja Rizwan Hussain Abdulaziz Al-Negheimish |
| author_sort | Abdulrahman M. Alhozaimy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper investigates the effect of high ambient temperatures on the chloride threshold value for reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Two commonly available carbon steel rebars were investigated under four different exposure temperatures (20 °C (68 °F), 35 °C (95 °F), 50 °C (122 °F), and 65 °C (149 °C)) using environmental chambers at a constant relative humidity of 80%. For each temperature, six different levels of added chloride ions (0.00%, 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.60%, 0.90%, and 1.20% by weight of cement) were used to study the chloride threshold value. Corrosion initiation was detected by monitoring the corrosion potential and corrosion rate using electrochemical techniques. The water-soluble (free) and acid-soluble (total) chlorides were determined using potentiometric titration according to the relevant ASTM standards. The threshold chloride content for each exposure temperature was determined by analyzing the corrosion potential, corrosion rate, and chloride content of each specimen. The results showed that the chloride threshold values were significantly temperature-dependent. At temperatures of 20 °C (68 °F) and 35 °C (95 °F), the chloride threshold value (expressed as free chlorides) was approximately 0.95% by weight of cement. However, as the temperature increased to 50 °C (122 °F), the chloride threshold decreased significantly to approximately 0.70% by weight of cement. The reduction in the chloride threshold value became more dramatic at an exposure temperature of 65 °C (149 °F), decreasing to approximately 0.25% by weight of cement. The trends were similar for the rebars from the two sources, indicating that the rebar source had little influence on the chloride threshold value. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:40:23Z |
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| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:40:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-bedb2e38ab674a00b7838fea5e52270a2023-11-23T09:20:08ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-12-011424759510.3390/ma14247595Quantitative Non-Linear Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Chloride Threshold Value for Steel Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete under Extreme Boundary ConditionsAbdulrahman M. Alhozaimy0Mshtaq Ahmed1Raja Rizwan Hussain2Abdulaziz Al-Negheimish3Center of Excellence for Concrete Research and Testing (CoE-CRT), Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi ArabiaCivil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi ArabiaCenter of Excellence for Concrete Research and Testing (CoE-CRT), Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi ArabiaCenter of Excellence for Concrete Research and Testing (CoE-CRT), Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi ArabiaThis paper investigates the effect of high ambient temperatures on the chloride threshold value for reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Two commonly available carbon steel rebars were investigated under four different exposure temperatures (20 °C (68 °F), 35 °C (95 °F), 50 °C (122 °F), and 65 °C (149 °C)) using environmental chambers at a constant relative humidity of 80%. For each temperature, six different levels of added chloride ions (0.00%, 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.60%, 0.90%, and 1.20% by weight of cement) were used to study the chloride threshold value. Corrosion initiation was detected by monitoring the corrosion potential and corrosion rate using electrochemical techniques. The water-soluble (free) and acid-soluble (total) chlorides were determined using potentiometric titration according to the relevant ASTM standards. The threshold chloride content for each exposure temperature was determined by analyzing the corrosion potential, corrosion rate, and chloride content of each specimen. The results showed that the chloride threshold values were significantly temperature-dependent. At temperatures of 20 °C (68 °F) and 35 °C (95 °F), the chloride threshold value (expressed as free chlorides) was approximately 0.95% by weight of cement. However, as the temperature increased to 50 °C (122 °F), the chloride threshold decreased significantly to approximately 0.70% by weight of cement. The reduction in the chloride threshold value became more dramatic at an exposure temperature of 65 °C (149 °F), decreasing to approximately 0.25% by weight of cement. The trends were similar for the rebars from the two sources, indicating that the rebar source had little influence on the chloride threshold value.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/24/7595chloride threshold valuetemperaturecorrosionsteel reinforcement barconcrete |
| spellingShingle | Abdulrahman M. Alhozaimy Mshtaq Ahmed Raja Rizwan Hussain Abdulaziz Al-Negheimish Quantitative Non-Linear Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Chloride Threshold Value for Steel Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete under Extreme Boundary Conditions Materials chloride threshold value temperature corrosion steel reinforcement bar concrete |
| title | Quantitative Non-Linear Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Chloride Threshold Value for Steel Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete under Extreme Boundary Conditions |
| title_full | Quantitative Non-Linear Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Chloride Threshold Value for Steel Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete under Extreme Boundary Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative Non-Linear Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Chloride Threshold Value for Steel Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete under Extreme Boundary Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative Non-Linear Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Chloride Threshold Value for Steel Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete under Extreme Boundary Conditions |
| title_short | Quantitative Non-Linear Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Chloride Threshold Value for Steel Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete under Extreme Boundary Conditions |
| title_sort | quantitative non linear effect of high ambient temperature on chloride threshold value for steel reinforcement corrosion in concrete under extreme boundary conditions |
| topic | chloride threshold value temperature corrosion steel reinforcement bar concrete |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/24/7595 |
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