Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Hyponatremia - Biological Markers of Unfavorable Evolution in Schizophrenia
<em>Adverse reactions to psychotropic medication can be considered as risk indicators for an unfavorable evolution of patients with schizophrenia, based on particular pathogenic mechanisms that can be used in the personalized therapeutic approach. The combination of antidepressants with antips...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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EduSoft publishing
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Brain: Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.edusoft.ro/brain/index.php/brain/article/view/1260 |
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| author | Puiu Olivian STOVICEK Dragoş MARINESCU Liana PĂUNA-CRISTIAN Ileana MARINESCU |
| author_facet | Puiu Olivian STOVICEK Dragoş MARINESCU Liana PĂUNA-CRISTIAN Ileana MARINESCU |
| author_sort | Puiu Olivian STOVICEK |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <em>Adverse reactions to psychotropic medication can be considered as risk indicators for an unfavorable evolution of patients with schizophrenia, based on particular pathogenic mechanisms that can be used in the personalized therapeutic approach. The combination of antidepressants with antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia has a risk of synergistic action of excessive blockade of dopamine receptors, which causes hyperprolactinemia. Primary hyponatremia occurs during pregnancy and can be an important marker for signaling neurodevelopmental abnormalities, while secondary hyponatremia has a major clinical dimension and is induced by psychotropic drugs. The pathogenic mechanisms presented can be objectified by neuroimaging examinations that bring benefits in the diagnostic accuracy and re-evaluation of the therapeutic approach, especially in correlation with the severity of biological markers such as prolactin and sodium. The persistence of high prolactin and low sodium levels is an alarm signal that announces a negative evolution of the patient or a major risk of severe cardiac, metabolic, vascular or renal comorbidities. Recognition of pathogenic mechanisms of neurodevelopment, including ventriculomegaly, hyponatremia, focal cortical dysplasia, hippocampal or temporal lobe lesions, in association with a positive history of neonatal or febrile seizures, requires prophylaxis due to high risk of onset of schizophrenia in childhood. Fetal cortical dysplasia is associated with the risk of neonatal seizures. This vulnerability favors the appearance of febrile convulsions or enuresis with changes in brain structure. Enuresis may be an important marker of neurodevelopmental potential for schizophrenia. Neonatal seizures are correlated with hyponatremia and severe hypertension, which appeared in the third trimester of pregnancy, can trigger eclampsia. Neuroimaging monitoring in patients with neurodevelopmental abnormalities, hyperprolactinemia and primary or secondary hyponatremia, acquires a major importance, being able to delimit the boundary between a functional lesion, potentially reversible, with an irreversible lesion.</em> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:41:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bedf4ce7fc764c32a8b89b839c962844 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2067-3957 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:41:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | EduSoft publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain: Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-bedf4ce7fc764c32a8b89b839c9628442024-02-01T18:00:42ZengEduSoft publishingBrain: Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience2067-39572022-06-01131Sup11591741065Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Hyponatremia - Biological Markers of Unfavorable Evolution in SchizophreniaPuiu Olivian STOVICEK0Dragoş MARINESCU1Liana PĂUNA-CRISTIAN2Ileana MARINESCU3Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Nursing, Târgu Jiu Subsidiary, “Titu Maiorescu” University, Bucharest, RomaniaProfessor, Academy of Medical Sciences of Romania, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova Brunch, Craiova, RomaniaDepartment of Radiology, Gral Medical Center, Bucharest, RomaniaAssociate Professor, Discipline of Psychiatry, 5th Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania<em>Adverse reactions to psychotropic medication can be considered as risk indicators for an unfavorable evolution of patients with schizophrenia, based on particular pathogenic mechanisms that can be used in the personalized therapeutic approach. The combination of antidepressants with antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia has a risk of synergistic action of excessive blockade of dopamine receptors, which causes hyperprolactinemia. Primary hyponatremia occurs during pregnancy and can be an important marker for signaling neurodevelopmental abnormalities, while secondary hyponatremia has a major clinical dimension and is induced by psychotropic drugs. The pathogenic mechanisms presented can be objectified by neuroimaging examinations that bring benefits in the diagnostic accuracy and re-evaluation of the therapeutic approach, especially in correlation with the severity of biological markers such as prolactin and sodium. The persistence of high prolactin and low sodium levels is an alarm signal that announces a negative evolution of the patient or a major risk of severe cardiac, metabolic, vascular or renal comorbidities. Recognition of pathogenic mechanisms of neurodevelopment, including ventriculomegaly, hyponatremia, focal cortical dysplasia, hippocampal or temporal lobe lesions, in association with a positive history of neonatal or febrile seizures, requires prophylaxis due to high risk of onset of schizophrenia in childhood. Fetal cortical dysplasia is associated with the risk of neonatal seizures. This vulnerability favors the appearance of febrile convulsions or enuresis with changes in brain structure. Enuresis may be an important marker of neurodevelopmental potential for schizophrenia. Neonatal seizures are correlated with hyponatremia and severe hypertension, which appeared in the third trimester of pregnancy, can trigger eclampsia. Neuroimaging monitoring in patients with neurodevelopmental abnormalities, hyperprolactinemia and primary or secondary hyponatremia, acquires a major importance, being able to delimit the boundary between a functional lesion, potentially reversible, with an irreversible lesion.</em>https://www.edusoft.ro/brain/index.php/brain/article/view/1260schizophrenia, hyperprolactinemia, hyponatremia, dopamine, demyelination |
| spellingShingle | Puiu Olivian STOVICEK Dragoş MARINESCU Liana PĂUNA-CRISTIAN Ileana MARINESCU Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Hyponatremia - Biological Markers of Unfavorable Evolution in Schizophrenia Brain: Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience schizophrenia, hyperprolactinemia, hyponatremia, dopamine, demyelination |
| title | Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Hyponatremia - Biological Markers of Unfavorable Evolution in Schizophrenia |
| title_full | Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Hyponatremia - Biological Markers of Unfavorable Evolution in Schizophrenia |
| title_fullStr | Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Hyponatremia - Biological Markers of Unfavorable Evolution in Schizophrenia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Hyponatremia - Biological Markers of Unfavorable Evolution in Schizophrenia |
| title_short | Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Hyponatremia - Biological Markers of Unfavorable Evolution in Schizophrenia |
| title_sort | drug induced hyperprolactinemia and hyponatremia biological markers of unfavorable evolution in schizophrenia |
| topic | schizophrenia, hyperprolactinemia, hyponatremia, dopamine, demyelination |
| url | https://www.edusoft.ro/brain/index.php/brain/article/view/1260 |
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