Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Air and a Water Medium
Ti6Al4V titanium alloys are widely used in a variety of scientific and industrial fields. Laser beam welding is one of the most effective techniques for the joining of titanium plates. The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the most important laser parameters on welding...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/24/9088 |
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| author | Mohamad Alhajhamoud Sayit Ozbey Mehmet Alp Ilgaz Levent Candan Ibrahim Cinar Mario Vukotić Selma Čorović Damijan Miljavec Ersin Kayahan |
| author_facet | Mohamad Alhajhamoud Sayit Ozbey Mehmet Alp Ilgaz Levent Candan Ibrahim Cinar Mario Vukotić Selma Čorović Damijan Miljavec Ersin Kayahan |
| author_sort | Mohamad Alhajhamoud |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ti6Al4V titanium alloys are widely used in a variety of scientific and industrial fields. Laser beam welding is one of the most effective techniques for the joining of titanium plates. The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the most important laser parameters on welding performance of titanium alloy in two different physical environments such as air and water (i.e., serum) media. Specifically, the laser beam welding of 2 mm thick Ti6Al4V samples was applied using an Nd:YAG laser in open-air welding using argon as a shielding gas, and in wet welding using a serum environment. The deepest penetration was achieved at −3 mm focal position with 11 J of laser energy in both investigated media (i.e., air and serum). The maximum hardness (1130 HV) was achieved for the focal position of −4 mm in serum medium while it was 795 HV for a focal position of −5 mm in air medium. The minimum (1200 μm and 800 μm) and maximum (1960 μm and 1900 μm) weld widths were observed for air and serum medium, respectively. After the welding process, martensite, massif martensite, and transformed martensite were observed in the microstructure of Ti6Al4V. To the best of our knowledge, the underwater wet welding of titanium alloy was carried out and reported for the first time in this study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:08:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bee45c855bd34ac8bfa2a3dd112d6127 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:08:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-bee45c855bd34ac8bfa2a3dd112d61272023-11-24T16:26:56ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-12-011524908810.3390/ma15249088Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Air and a Water MediumMohamad Alhajhamoud0Sayit Ozbey1Mehmet Alp Ilgaz2Levent Candan3Ibrahim Cinar4Mario Vukotić5Selma Čorović6Damijan Miljavec7Ersin Kayahan8Biomedical Engineering, Natural and Applied Sciences, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe, Kocaeli 41380, TurkeyLaser Technologies Research and Application Center (LATARUM), Kocaeli University, Yeniköy, Kocaeli 41275, TurkeyFaculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaLaser Technologies Research and Application Center (LATARUM), Kocaeli University, Yeniköy, Kocaeli 41275, TurkeyLaser Technologies Research and Application Center (LATARUM), Kocaeli University, Yeniköy, Kocaeli 41275, TurkeyFaculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaBiomedical Engineering, Natural and Applied Sciences, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe, Kocaeli 41380, TurkeyTi6Al4V titanium alloys are widely used in a variety of scientific and industrial fields. Laser beam welding is one of the most effective techniques for the joining of titanium plates. The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the most important laser parameters on welding performance of titanium alloy in two different physical environments such as air and water (i.e., serum) media. Specifically, the laser beam welding of 2 mm thick Ti6Al4V samples was applied using an Nd:YAG laser in open-air welding using argon as a shielding gas, and in wet welding using a serum environment. The deepest penetration was achieved at −3 mm focal position with 11 J of laser energy in both investigated media (i.e., air and serum). The maximum hardness (1130 HV) was achieved for the focal position of −4 mm in serum medium while it was 795 HV for a focal position of −5 mm in air medium. The minimum (1200 μm and 800 μm) and maximum (1960 μm and 1900 μm) weld widths were observed for air and serum medium, respectively. After the welding process, martensite, massif martensite, and transformed martensite were observed in the microstructure of Ti6Al4V. To the best of our knowledge, the underwater wet welding of titanium alloy was carried out and reported for the first time in this study.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/24/9088laser weldingTi6Al4V titaniumNd:YAG laserdepth of penetrationlaser material interaction |
| spellingShingle | Mohamad Alhajhamoud Sayit Ozbey Mehmet Alp Ilgaz Levent Candan Ibrahim Cinar Mario Vukotić Selma Čorović Damijan Miljavec Ersin Kayahan Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Air and a Water Medium Materials laser welding Ti6Al4V titanium Nd:YAG laser depth of penetration laser material interaction |
| title | Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Air and a Water Medium |
| title_full | Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Air and a Water Medium |
| title_fullStr | Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Air and a Water Medium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Air and a Water Medium |
| title_short | Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloy in Air and a Water Medium |
| title_sort | laser welding of ti6al4v titanium alloy in air and a water medium |
| topic | laser welding Ti6Al4V titanium Nd:YAG laser depth of penetration laser material interaction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/24/9088 |
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