Investigating the Effects of Alltech Crop Science (ACS) Products on Plant Defence against Root-Knot Nematode Infestation
Two formulations of Alltech Crop Science products (ACS), a proprietary blend of fermentation products and plant extracts with micronutrients (ACS5075), and a microbial based product (ACS3048), were tested to understand (1) their impact on the tomato plant immune response and (2) whether they are pri...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/7/1700 |
| _version_ | 1797588229079171072 |
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| author | Anusha Pulavarty Ankit Singh Kira Young Karina Horgan Thomais Kakouli-Duarte |
| author_facet | Anusha Pulavarty Ankit Singh Kira Young Karina Horgan Thomais Kakouli-Duarte |
| author_sort | Anusha Pulavarty |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two formulations of Alltech Crop Science products (ACS), a proprietary blend of fermentation products and plant extracts with micronutrients (ACS5075), and a microbial based product (ACS3048), were tested to understand (1) their impact on the tomato plant immune response and (2) whether they are priming a resistance response in plants against root knot nematodes (RKN). Research findings reported previously indicate that tomato plants pre-treated with ACS5075 and ACS3048 were found less sensitive to <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i> infection. In the current study, the expression of six defence-related genes (<i>PR-1</i>, <i>PR-3</i>, <i>PR-5T</i>, <i>ACO</i>, <i>CAT</i> and <i>JERF 3</i>), relative to a housekeeping gene, were monitored via RT-PCR. Results suggest that the treatment with ACS5075 enhanced <i>ACO</i> and <i>PR-1</i> gene expression levels, both post- treatment and post-infection with <i>M. javanica</i>. Reduced <i>M. javanica</i> infestation that was reported in the previous study could be attributed to the increased expression of these genes in the ACS5075-treated plants. Tomato plants treated with ACS3048, but without RKN infection, also demonstrated higher levels of <i>ACO</i> and <i>PR-1</i> gene expression. Subsequently, 2D-gel electrophoresis was performed to study the differential protein expression in leaf tissues of treated tomato plants in an effort to elucidate a possible mechanism of action for these products. Protein spot 1 was identified as ‘disease resistance protein RPP13-like’, protein spot 2 as ‘phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 2’, spot 3 as ‘protein SABRE like’ and protein spot 4 as ‘uncharacterized protein’. Overall research findings indicate that the ACS products could be used as plant immunity-boosting agents, as they play a significant role in the expression of certain genes and proteins associated with plant defence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:49:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf07636ce48c4694b92d5f68ecefe26b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:49:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf07636ce48c4694b92d5f68ecefe26b2023-11-18T20:35:13ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-06-01117170010.3390/microorganisms11071700Investigating the Effects of Alltech Crop Science (ACS) Products on Plant Defence against Root-Knot Nematode InfestationAnusha Pulavarty0Ankit Singh1Kira Young2Karina Horgan3Thomais Kakouli-Duarte4Molecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, Department of Applied Science, enviroCORE, Kilkenny Road Campus, South East Technological University (SETU), R93 V960 Carlow, IrelandMolecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, Department of Applied Science, enviroCORE, Kilkenny Road Campus, South East Technological University (SETU), R93 V960 Carlow, IrelandMolecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, Department of Applied Science, enviroCORE, Kilkenny Road Campus, South East Technological University (SETU), R93 V960 Carlow, IrelandAlltech Bioscience Centre, A86 X006 Dunboyne, IrelandMolecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, Department of Applied Science, enviroCORE, Kilkenny Road Campus, South East Technological University (SETU), R93 V960 Carlow, IrelandTwo formulations of Alltech Crop Science products (ACS), a proprietary blend of fermentation products and plant extracts with micronutrients (ACS5075), and a microbial based product (ACS3048), were tested to understand (1) their impact on the tomato plant immune response and (2) whether they are priming a resistance response in plants against root knot nematodes (RKN). Research findings reported previously indicate that tomato plants pre-treated with ACS5075 and ACS3048 were found less sensitive to <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i> infection. In the current study, the expression of six defence-related genes (<i>PR-1</i>, <i>PR-3</i>, <i>PR-5T</i>, <i>ACO</i>, <i>CAT</i> and <i>JERF 3</i>), relative to a housekeeping gene, were monitored via RT-PCR. Results suggest that the treatment with ACS5075 enhanced <i>ACO</i> and <i>PR-1</i> gene expression levels, both post- treatment and post-infection with <i>M. javanica</i>. Reduced <i>M. javanica</i> infestation that was reported in the previous study could be attributed to the increased expression of these genes in the ACS5075-treated plants. Tomato plants treated with ACS3048, but without RKN infection, also demonstrated higher levels of <i>ACO</i> and <i>PR-1</i> gene expression. Subsequently, 2D-gel electrophoresis was performed to study the differential protein expression in leaf tissues of treated tomato plants in an effort to elucidate a possible mechanism of action for these products. Protein spot 1 was identified as ‘disease resistance protein RPP13-like’, protein spot 2 as ‘phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase 2’, spot 3 as ‘protein SABRE like’ and protein spot 4 as ‘uncharacterized protein’. Overall research findings indicate that the ACS products could be used as plant immunity-boosting agents, as they play a significant role in the expression of certain genes and proteins associated with plant defence.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/7/1700ACS5075ACS3048<i>Meloidogyne javanica</i>RT-PCR2D-gel electrophoresis |
| spellingShingle | Anusha Pulavarty Ankit Singh Kira Young Karina Horgan Thomais Kakouli-Duarte Investigating the Effects of Alltech Crop Science (ACS) Products on Plant Defence against Root-Knot Nematode Infestation Microorganisms ACS5075 ACS3048 <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i> RT-PCR 2D-gel electrophoresis |
| title | Investigating the Effects of Alltech Crop Science (ACS) Products on Plant Defence against Root-Knot Nematode Infestation |
| title_full | Investigating the Effects of Alltech Crop Science (ACS) Products on Plant Defence against Root-Knot Nematode Infestation |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the Effects of Alltech Crop Science (ACS) Products on Plant Defence against Root-Knot Nematode Infestation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the Effects of Alltech Crop Science (ACS) Products on Plant Defence against Root-Knot Nematode Infestation |
| title_short | Investigating the Effects of Alltech Crop Science (ACS) Products on Plant Defence against Root-Knot Nematode Infestation |
| title_sort | investigating the effects of alltech crop science acs products on plant defence against root knot nematode infestation |
| topic | ACS5075 ACS3048 <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i> RT-PCR 2D-gel electrophoresis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/7/1700 |
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