Preliminary Statistical Characterizations of the Lowest Kilometer Time–Height Profiles of Rainfall Rate Using a Vertically Pointing Radar
A realistic approach for gathering high-resolution observations of the rainfall rate, <i>R</i>, in the vertical plane is to use data from vertically pointing Doppler radars. After accounting for the vertical air velocity and attenuation, it is possible to determine the fine, spatially re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/4/635 |
| _version_ | 1797436977074667520 |
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| author | Arthur R. Jameson Michael L. Larsen |
| author_facet | Arthur R. Jameson Michael L. Larsen |
| author_sort | Arthur R. Jameson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A realistic approach for gathering high-resolution observations of the rainfall rate, <i>R</i>, in the vertical plane is to use data from vertically pointing Doppler radars. After accounting for the vertical air velocity and attenuation, it is possible to determine the fine, spatially resolved drop size spectra and to calculate <i>R</i> for further statistical analyses. The first such results in a vertical plane are reported here. Specifically, we present results using MRR-Pro Doppler radar observations at resolutions of ten meters in height over the lowest 1.28 km, as well as ten seconds in time, over four sets of observations using two different radars at different locations. Both the correlation functions and power spectra are useful for translating observations and numerical model outputs of <i>R</i> from one scale down to other scales that may be more appropriate for particular applications, such as flood warnings and soil erosion, for example. However, it was found in all cases that, while locally applicable radial power spectra could be calculated, because of statistical heterogeneity most of the power spectra lost all generality, and proper correlation functions could not be computed in general except for one 17-min interval. Nevertheless, these results are still useful since they can be combined to develop catalogs of power spectra over different meteorological conditions and in different climatological settings and locations. Furthermore, even with the limitations of these data, this approach is being used to gain a deeper understanding of rainfall to be reported in a forthcoming paper. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:10:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf0edb559909402083cf795010275cf8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:10:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf0edb559909402083cf795010275cf82023-12-01T00:47:49ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-04-0113463510.3390/atmos13040635Preliminary Statistical Characterizations of the Lowest Kilometer Time–Height Profiles of Rainfall Rate Using a Vertically Pointing RadarArthur R. Jameson0Michael L. Larsen1RJH Scientific, Inc., El Cajon, CA 92020, USADepartment of Physics, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424, USAA realistic approach for gathering high-resolution observations of the rainfall rate, <i>R</i>, in the vertical plane is to use data from vertically pointing Doppler radars. After accounting for the vertical air velocity and attenuation, it is possible to determine the fine, spatially resolved drop size spectra and to calculate <i>R</i> for further statistical analyses. The first such results in a vertical plane are reported here. Specifically, we present results using MRR-Pro Doppler radar observations at resolutions of ten meters in height over the lowest 1.28 km, as well as ten seconds in time, over four sets of observations using two different radars at different locations. Both the correlation functions and power spectra are useful for translating observations and numerical model outputs of <i>R</i> from one scale down to other scales that may be more appropriate for particular applications, such as flood warnings and soil erosion, for example. However, it was found in all cases that, while locally applicable radial power spectra could be calculated, because of statistical heterogeneity most of the power spectra lost all generality, and proper correlation functions could not be computed in general except for one 17-min interval. Nevertheless, these results are still useful since they can be combined to develop catalogs of power spectra over different meteorological conditions and in different climatological settings and locations. Furthermore, even with the limitations of these data, this approach is being used to gain a deeper understanding of rainfall to be reported in a forthcoming paper.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/4/635raindrop size distributions (DSDs) from Doppler radarcomputing radial power spectra using radar Doppler spectravertically pointing Doppler rain observations |
| spellingShingle | Arthur R. Jameson Michael L. Larsen Preliminary Statistical Characterizations of the Lowest Kilometer Time–Height Profiles of Rainfall Rate Using a Vertically Pointing Radar Atmosphere raindrop size distributions (DSDs) from Doppler radar computing radial power spectra using radar Doppler spectra vertically pointing Doppler rain observations |
| title | Preliminary Statistical Characterizations of the Lowest Kilometer Time–Height Profiles of Rainfall Rate Using a Vertically Pointing Radar |
| title_full | Preliminary Statistical Characterizations of the Lowest Kilometer Time–Height Profiles of Rainfall Rate Using a Vertically Pointing Radar |
| title_fullStr | Preliminary Statistical Characterizations of the Lowest Kilometer Time–Height Profiles of Rainfall Rate Using a Vertically Pointing Radar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preliminary Statistical Characterizations of the Lowest Kilometer Time–Height Profiles of Rainfall Rate Using a Vertically Pointing Radar |
| title_short | Preliminary Statistical Characterizations of the Lowest Kilometer Time–Height Profiles of Rainfall Rate Using a Vertically Pointing Radar |
| title_sort | preliminary statistical characterizations of the lowest kilometer time height profiles of rainfall rate using a vertically pointing radar |
| topic | raindrop size distributions (DSDs) from Doppler radar computing radial power spectra using radar Doppler spectra vertically pointing Doppler rain observations |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/4/635 |
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