Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria, dengue and leptospirosis infections
Malaria, dengue and leptospirosis are three tropical infectious diseases that present with severe hematological derangement causing significant morbidity and mortality, especially during the seasonal monsoons. During the course of these infectious diseases, circulating red blood cells are imperiled...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.858776/full |
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| author | Sanu Susan Jacob Jijo Lukose Aseefhali Bankapur N. Mithun R. Vani Lakshmi Mahendra Acharya Pragna Rao Asha Kamath Prathap M. Baby Raghavendra K. Rao Santhosh Chidangil |
| author_facet | Sanu Susan Jacob Jijo Lukose Aseefhali Bankapur N. Mithun R. Vani Lakshmi Mahendra Acharya Pragna Rao Asha Kamath Prathap M. Baby Raghavendra K. Rao Santhosh Chidangil |
| author_sort | Sanu Susan Jacob |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malaria, dengue and leptospirosis are three tropical infectious diseases that present with severe hematological derangement causing significant morbidity and mortality, especially during the seasonal monsoons. During the course of these infectious diseases, circulating red blood cells are imperiled to the direct ill-effects of the infectious pathogen in the body as well as to the pro-inflammatory cytokines generated as a consequence of the infection. RBCs when exposed to such inflammatory and/or pathogenic milieu are susceptible to injuries such as RBC programmed eryptosis or RBC programmed necrosis. This research aimed to explore the Raman spectra of live red cells that were extracted from patients infected with malaria, dengue, and leptospirosis. Red cells were optically trapped and micro-Raman probed using a 785 nm Diode laser. RBCs from samples of all three diseases displayed Raman signatures that were significantly altered from the normal/healthy. Distinct spectral markers that were common across all the four groups were obtained from various standardized multivariate analytical methods. Following comprehensive examination of multiple studies, we propose these spectral wavenumbers as “Raman markers of RBC injury.” Findings in our study display that anemia-triggering infections can inflict variations in the healthy status of red cells, easily identifiable by selectively analyzing specific Raman markers. Additionally, this study also highlights relevant statistical tools that can be utilized to study Raman spectral data from biological samples which could help identify the very significant Raman peaks from the spectral band. This approach of RBC analysis can foster a better understanding of red cell behavior and their alterations exhibited in health and disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:20:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf1cbd0b3d43437b80f46eb737b4e367 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:20:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf1cbd0b3d43437b80f46eb737b4e3672022-12-22T02:25:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2022-10-01910.3389/fmed.2022.858776858776Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria, dengue and leptospirosis infectionsSanu Susan Jacob0Jijo Lukose1Aseefhali Bankapur2N. Mithun3R. Vani Lakshmi4Mahendra Acharya5Pragna Rao6Asha Kamath7Prathap M. Baby8Raghavendra K. Rao9Santhosh Chidangil10Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Data Science, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Data Science, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaMalaria, dengue and leptospirosis are three tropical infectious diseases that present with severe hematological derangement causing significant morbidity and mortality, especially during the seasonal monsoons. During the course of these infectious diseases, circulating red blood cells are imperiled to the direct ill-effects of the infectious pathogen in the body as well as to the pro-inflammatory cytokines generated as a consequence of the infection. RBCs when exposed to such inflammatory and/or pathogenic milieu are susceptible to injuries such as RBC programmed eryptosis or RBC programmed necrosis. This research aimed to explore the Raman spectra of live red cells that were extracted from patients infected with malaria, dengue, and leptospirosis. Red cells were optically trapped and micro-Raman probed using a 785 nm Diode laser. RBCs from samples of all three diseases displayed Raman signatures that were significantly altered from the normal/healthy. Distinct spectral markers that were common across all the four groups were obtained from various standardized multivariate analytical methods. Following comprehensive examination of multiple studies, we propose these spectral wavenumbers as “Raman markers of RBC injury.” Findings in our study display that anemia-triggering infections can inflict variations in the healthy status of red cells, easily identifiable by selectively analyzing specific Raman markers. Additionally, this study also highlights relevant statistical tools that can be utilized to study Raman spectral data from biological samples which could help identify the very significant Raman peaks from the spectral band. This approach of RBC analysis can foster a better understanding of red cell behavior and their alterations exhibited in health and disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.858776/fullred blood cellmicro-Raman spectroscopyeryptosisanemiainfectious diseases |
| spellingShingle | Sanu Susan Jacob Jijo Lukose Aseefhali Bankapur N. Mithun R. Vani Lakshmi Mahendra Acharya Pragna Rao Asha Kamath Prathap M. Baby Raghavendra K. Rao Santhosh Chidangil Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria, dengue and leptospirosis infections Frontiers in Medicine red blood cell micro-Raman spectroscopy eryptosis anemia infectious diseases |
| title | Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria, dengue and leptospirosis infections |
| title_full | Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria, dengue and leptospirosis infections |
| title_fullStr | Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria, dengue and leptospirosis infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria, dengue and leptospirosis infections |
| title_short | Micro-Raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria, dengue and leptospirosis infections |
| title_sort | micro raman spectroscopy study of optically trapped erythrocytes in malaria dengue and leptospirosis infections |
| topic | red blood cell micro-Raman spectroscopy eryptosis anemia infectious diseases |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.858776/full |
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