Growth Response and Dry Matter Partitioning of Quality Protein Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Genotypes under Aluminum Toxicity
In this work, 75 quality protein maize (QPM) inbred lines were evaluated for aluminum tolerance using a nutrient solution assay in a laboratory and a soil-based technique in a greenhouse tunnel. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with three replications in the laboratory, an...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1262 |
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| author | Rutendo M. Zishiri Charles S. Mutengwa Liliane N. Tandzi Alen Manyevere |
| author_facet | Rutendo M. Zishiri Charles S. Mutengwa Liliane N. Tandzi Alen Manyevere |
| author_sort | Rutendo M. Zishiri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, 75 quality protein maize (QPM) inbred lines were evaluated for aluminum tolerance using a nutrient solution assay in a laboratory and a soil-based technique in a greenhouse tunnel. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with three replications in the laboratory, and a randomized complete block design was used in the greenhouse. Aluminum toxicity was generated by amending a nutrient solution with 600 µM of aluminum sulfate (Al<sub>2</sub> [SO<sub>4</sub>]<sub>3</sub>) in the laboratory, and Al<sub>2</sub> [SO<sub>4</sub>]<sub>3</sub> was applied at a rate of 24 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> of soil in the greenhouse experiment. Relative root length (RRL) and hematoxylin staining (HS) scores were used to identify tolerant genotypes in the laboratory. According to RRL, 94.7% of genotypes were tolerant and 5.3% were sensitive, while Hematoxylin (HS) classified 77.9% of the genotypes as tolerant, and 22.1% as sensitive. RRL and HS presented a very strong negative association (−0.788). In the soil-based method, the experiments were conducted twice in successive summer seasons of 2019 and 2020. Several growth traits were measured and most genotypes that exhibited tolerance in the nutrient solution also had similar tolerance in the soil-based screening technique. Genetic variability for tolerance was identified, revealing potentially useful donors of tolerance genes in breeding programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:40:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf1f9b62e2e9406ca59154abe662fd89 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:40:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf1f9b62e2e9406ca59154abe662fd892023-11-23T15:08:53ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-05-01126126210.3390/agronomy12061262Growth Response and Dry Matter Partitioning of Quality Protein Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Genotypes under Aluminum ToxicityRutendo M. Zishiri0Charles S. Mutengwa1Liliane N. Tandzi2Alen Manyevere3Department of Agronomy, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South AfricaDepartment of Agronomy, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South AfricaDepartment of Agronomy, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South AfricaDepartment of Agronomy, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South AfricaIn this work, 75 quality protein maize (QPM) inbred lines were evaluated for aluminum tolerance using a nutrient solution assay in a laboratory and a soil-based technique in a greenhouse tunnel. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with three replications in the laboratory, and a randomized complete block design was used in the greenhouse. Aluminum toxicity was generated by amending a nutrient solution with 600 µM of aluminum sulfate (Al<sub>2</sub> [SO<sub>4</sub>]<sub>3</sub>) in the laboratory, and Al<sub>2</sub> [SO<sub>4</sub>]<sub>3</sub> was applied at a rate of 24 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> of soil in the greenhouse experiment. Relative root length (RRL) and hematoxylin staining (HS) scores were used to identify tolerant genotypes in the laboratory. According to RRL, 94.7% of genotypes were tolerant and 5.3% were sensitive, while Hematoxylin (HS) classified 77.9% of the genotypes as tolerant, and 22.1% as sensitive. RRL and HS presented a very strong negative association (−0.788). In the soil-based method, the experiments were conducted twice in successive summer seasons of 2019 and 2020. Several growth traits were measured and most genotypes that exhibited tolerance in the nutrient solution also had similar tolerance in the soil-based screening technique. Genetic variability for tolerance was identified, revealing potentially useful donors of tolerance genes in breeding programs.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1262aluminum toxicityaluminum tolerancegenetic variabilityHematoxylin stainingrelative root growthsoil-based method |
| spellingShingle | Rutendo M. Zishiri Charles S. Mutengwa Liliane N. Tandzi Alen Manyevere Growth Response and Dry Matter Partitioning of Quality Protein Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Genotypes under Aluminum Toxicity Agronomy aluminum toxicity aluminum tolerance genetic variability Hematoxylin staining relative root growth soil-based method |
| title | Growth Response and Dry Matter Partitioning of Quality Protein Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Genotypes under Aluminum Toxicity |
| title_full | Growth Response and Dry Matter Partitioning of Quality Protein Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Genotypes under Aluminum Toxicity |
| title_fullStr | Growth Response and Dry Matter Partitioning of Quality Protein Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Genotypes under Aluminum Toxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth Response and Dry Matter Partitioning of Quality Protein Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Genotypes under Aluminum Toxicity |
| title_short | Growth Response and Dry Matter Partitioning of Quality Protein Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Genotypes under Aluminum Toxicity |
| title_sort | growth response and dry matter partitioning of quality protein maize i zea mays i l genotypes under aluminum toxicity |
| topic | aluminum toxicity aluminum tolerance genetic variability Hematoxylin staining relative root growth soil-based method |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1262 |
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