Over-the-air beamforming with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication is a revolutionary technology that enables to manipulate wireless propagation environment via smartly controllable low-cost reflecting surfaces. However, in order to outperform conventional communication systems, an RIS-aided system wi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Communications and Networks |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frcmn.2022.1016270/full |
| _version_ | 1811190198793404416 |
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| author | Zehra Yigit Ertugrul Basar Ibrahim Altunbas |
| author_facet | Zehra Yigit Ertugrul Basar Ibrahim Altunbas |
| author_sort | Zehra Yigit |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication is a revolutionary technology that enables to manipulate wireless propagation environment via smartly controllable low-cost reflecting surfaces. However, in order to outperform conventional communication systems, an RIS-aided system with solely passive reflection requires an extremely large surface. To meet this challenge, the concept of active RIS, which performs simultaneous amplification and reflection on the incident signal at the expense of additional power consumption, has been recently introduced. In this paper, deploying an active RIS, we propose a novel beamforming concept, over-the-air beamforming, for RIS-aided multi-user multiple-input single-output (MISO) transmission schemes without requiring any pre/post signal processing hardware designs at the transmitter and receiver sides. In the proposed over-the-air beamforming-based transmission scheme, the reflection coefficients of the active RIS elements are customized to maximize the sum-rate gain. To tackle this issue, first, a non-convex quadratically constrained quadratic programming (QCQP) problem is formulated. Then, using semidefinite relaxation (SDR) approach, this optimization problem is converted to a convex feasibility problem, which is efficiently solved using the CVX optimization toolbox. Moreover, taking inspiration from this beamforming technique, a novel high-rate receive index modulation (IM) scheme with a low-complexity sub-optimal detector is developed. Through comprehensive simulation results, the sum-rate and bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed designs are investigated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:47:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-bf2230ea592240c4af9cfb9206349158 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-530X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:47:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Communications and Networks |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf2230ea592240c4af9cfb92063491582022-12-22T04:17:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Communications and Networks2673-530X2022-12-01310.3389/frcmn.2022.10162701016270Over-the-air beamforming with reconfigurable intelligent surfacesZehra Yigit0Ertugrul Basar1Ibrahim Altunbas2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, TurkeyCommunications Research and Innovation Laboratory (CoreLab), Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, TurkeyReconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication is a revolutionary technology that enables to manipulate wireless propagation environment via smartly controllable low-cost reflecting surfaces. However, in order to outperform conventional communication systems, an RIS-aided system with solely passive reflection requires an extremely large surface. To meet this challenge, the concept of active RIS, which performs simultaneous amplification and reflection on the incident signal at the expense of additional power consumption, has been recently introduced. In this paper, deploying an active RIS, we propose a novel beamforming concept, over-the-air beamforming, for RIS-aided multi-user multiple-input single-output (MISO) transmission schemes without requiring any pre/post signal processing hardware designs at the transmitter and receiver sides. In the proposed over-the-air beamforming-based transmission scheme, the reflection coefficients of the active RIS elements are customized to maximize the sum-rate gain. To tackle this issue, first, a non-convex quadratically constrained quadratic programming (QCQP) problem is formulated. Then, using semidefinite relaxation (SDR) approach, this optimization problem is converted to a convex feasibility problem, which is efficiently solved using the CVX optimization toolbox. Moreover, taking inspiration from this beamforming technique, a novel high-rate receive index modulation (IM) scheme with a low-complexity sub-optimal detector is developed. Through comprehensive simulation results, the sum-rate and bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed designs are investigated.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frcmn.2022.1016270/fullreconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)active RISover-the-air beamformingmulti-user (MU) transmissionindex modulation (IM) |
| spellingShingle | Zehra Yigit Ertugrul Basar Ibrahim Altunbas Over-the-air beamforming with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Frontiers in Communications and Networks reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) active RIS over-the-air beamforming multi-user (MU) transmission index modulation (IM) |
| title | Over-the-air beamforming with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces |
| title_full | Over-the-air beamforming with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces |
| title_fullStr | Over-the-air beamforming with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Over-the-air beamforming with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces |
| title_short | Over-the-air beamforming with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces |
| title_sort | over the air beamforming with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces |
| topic | reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) active RIS over-the-air beamforming multi-user (MU) transmission index modulation (IM) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frcmn.2022.1016270/full |
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