Risk Assessment of Insecticides Used in Tomato to Control Whitefly on the Predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> (Hemiptera: Miridae)
The generalist mirid predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> may contribute to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> in tomato crops. It is important to know the compatibility of the chemicals used to control this pest with this promising biological control...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/12/1092 |
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| author | Thaís Fagundes Matioli Mariana Rosa da Silva Juliano de Bastos Pazini Geovanny Barroso Júlia Gabriela Aleixo Vieira Pedro Takao Yamamoto |
| author_facet | Thaís Fagundes Matioli Mariana Rosa da Silva Juliano de Bastos Pazini Geovanny Barroso Júlia Gabriela Aleixo Vieira Pedro Takao Yamamoto |
| author_sort | Thaís Fagundes Matioli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The generalist mirid predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> may contribute to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> in tomato crops. It is important to know the compatibility of the chemicals used to control this pest with this promising biological control agent. Seven insecticides were tested to investigate their toxicity to the predator. For four of the products, the LC<sub>50</sub> for adults were determined. Buprofezin, cyantraniliprole and spiromesifen did not cause lethality and were classified as harmless. Acetamiprid, bifenthrin, etofenprox + acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen + acetamiprid caused acute toxicity and were classified as harmful. LT<sub>50</sub> for all harmful insecticides were relatively low, ranging from 1.8 to 3.2 days. Moreover, these four insecticides have low LC<sub>50</sub>, with acetamiprid (0.26 mg a.i. L<sup>−1</sup>) as the lowest, followed by bifenthrin (0.38 mg a.i. L<sup>−1</sup>), etofenprox + acetamiprid (4.80 mg a.i. L<sup>−1</sup>) and pyriproxyfen + acetamiprid (8.71 mg a.i. L<sup>−1</sup>). However, the calculated risk quotient (RQ) values demonstrated that these insecticides were mostly ecologically safe for this predator, except for acetamiprid, classified as slightly to moderately toxic. The present study can contribute to the use of <i>M. basicornis</i> as a biological control agent on tomato crops and to compatible use with the insecticides tested, according to IPM strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:53:00Z |
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| id | doaj.art-bf4b9862e3064fa4b475784a42456094 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:53:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-bf4b9862e3064fa4b475784a424560942023-11-23T08:52:46ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502021-12-011212109210.3390/insects12121092Risk Assessment of Insecticides Used in Tomato to Control Whitefly on the Predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> (Hemiptera: Miridae)Thaís Fagundes Matioli0Mariana Rosa da Silva1Juliano de Bastos Pazini2Geovanny Barroso3Júlia Gabriela Aleixo Vieira4Pedro Takao Yamamoto5Department of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba 13418-900, BrazilDepartment of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba 13418-900, BrazilDepartment of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba 13418-900, BrazilDepartment of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba 13418-900, BrazilDepartment of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba 13418-900, BrazilDepartment of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba 13418-900, BrazilThe generalist mirid predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> may contribute to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> in tomato crops. It is important to know the compatibility of the chemicals used to control this pest with this promising biological control agent. Seven insecticides were tested to investigate their toxicity to the predator. For four of the products, the LC<sub>50</sub> for adults were determined. Buprofezin, cyantraniliprole and spiromesifen did not cause lethality and were classified as harmless. Acetamiprid, bifenthrin, etofenprox + acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen + acetamiprid caused acute toxicity and were classified as harmful. LT<sub>50</sub> for all harmful insecticides were relatively low, ranging from 1.8 to 3.2 days. Moreover, these four insecticides have low LC<sub>50</sub>, with acetamiprid (0.26 mg a.i. L<sup>−1</sup>) as the lowest, followed by bifenthrin (0.38 mg a.i. L<sup>−1</sup>), etofenprox + acetamiprid (4.80 mg a.i. L<sup>−1</sup>) and pyriproxyfen + acetamiprid (8.71 mg a.i. L<sup>−1</sup>). However, the calculated risk quotient (RQ) values demonstrated that these insecticides were mostly ecologically safe for this predator, except for acetamiprid, classified as slightly to moderately toxic. The present study can contribute to the use of <i>M. basicornis</i> as a biological control agent on tomato crops and to compatible use with the insecticides tested, according to IPM strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/12/1092biological controlecotoxicologyintegrated pest managementnatural enemy |
| spellingShingle | Thaís Fagundes Matioli Mariana Rosa da Silva Juliano de Bastos Pazini Geovanny Barroso Júlia Gabriela Aleixo Vieira Pedro Takao Yamamoto Risk Assessment of Insecticides Used in Tomato to Control Whitefly on the Predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> (Hemiptera: Miridae) Insects biological control ecotoxicology integrated pest management natural enemy |
| title | Risk Assessment of Insecticides Used in Tomato to Control Whitefly on the Predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> (Hemiptera: Miridae) |
| title_full | Risk Assessment of Insecticides Used in Tomato to Control Whitefly on the Predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> (Hemiptera: Miridae) |
| title_fullStr | Risk Assessment of Insecticides Used in Tomato to Control Whitefly on the Predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> (Hemiptera: Miridae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk Assessment of Insecticides Used in Tomato to Control Whitefly on the Predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> (Hemiptera: Miridae) |
| title_short | Risk Assessment of Insecticides Used in Tomato to Control Whitefly on the Predator <i>Macrolophus basicornis</i> (Hemiptera: Miridae) |
| title_sort | risk assessment of insecticides used in tomato to control whitefly on the predator i macrolophus basicornis i hemiptera miridae |
| topic | biological control ecotoxicology integrated pest management natural enemy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/12/1092 |
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